兔骨髓间充质干细胞定向诱导移植修复关节软骨的实验研究

目的：通过诱导兔骨髓间充质干细胞（MSCs），观察干细胞向软骨细胞的分化效果。方法：纯化兔骨髓间充质干细胞；用含转化生长因子β1的诱导液培养骨髓间充质干细胞；以MTT测定诱导细胞的增殖活性；免疫组化检测Ⅱ型胶原蛋白的表达；诱导后的细胞移植于白兔膝关节内，X线摄片观察软骨修复形成情况。结果：诱导液可有效诱导MSCs向软骨细胞表型转化，且骨髓间充质干细胞向软骨细胞分化所需的特异性细胞外基质——Ⅱ型胶原明显升高，移植后效果明显。结论：兔骨髓间充质干细胞定向诱导后移植修复关节软骨是有效的。因此骨髓间充质干细胞有可能成为软骨组织工程较理想的种子细胞来源。

Study on rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells differentiation to the chondrogenic to transplant for repairing articular cartilage

Objective： To observe the differentiation effect of stem cells into chondrocytes by induced rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells（MSCs）. Methods： Rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were purified, and then cultured in inducing medium containing transforming growth factor-β1; MTT assay was employed to evaluate the proliferative activity of induced cells; immunohistochemical assay was used to detect the expression of type Ⅱ collagen; induced cells were transplanted into the knee of rabbit, and X-ray photography was employed to observe the repair and formation of cartilage. Results： MSCs could be effectively transformed into the chondrocytes by inducing medium, type Ⅱ collagen which was a specific extracellular matrix and necessary in the differentiation of MSCs into chondrocytes significantly increased, and the effects after transplantation were obvious. Conclusion： It is effective that MSCs are induced to repair articular cartilage after the transplantation. In summary, MSC is a possible ideal source of seed cells in cartilage tissue engineering.