中枢神经系统神经上皮细胞肿瘤的流行病学研究

目的神经上皮细胞肿瘤是最常见的神经系统肿瘤,目前国内外尚无系统的有关神经上皮细胞肿瘤的流行病学资料。方法病例来自于2008年1月1日至2011年12月30日在第四军医大学西京医院神经外科住院的神经上皮细胞肿瘤患者,收集的连续的全部病例。记录下列临床数据：性别、就诊年龄、职业、居住地、首发症状、原发部位、病理诊断、WHO病理分级等资料。计数资料的比较采用卡方检验。结果共收集病例2670例,其中男性1599例（59．9％）,女性1071例（40．1％）,男女比例为1．49：1。发病年龄4个月至75岁（中位数年龄为42岁）。包括星形胶质细胞瘤1392例、少突星形胶质细胞瘤444例、少突胶质细胞瘤384例、室管膜瘤243例、髓母细胞瘤111例、神经节细胞胶质瘤42例、脉络丛肿瘤33例、松果体区肿瘤21例。神经上皮细胞肿瘤患者以20～69岁居多,男性患者较多。不同类型神经上皮细胞肿瘤的构成比以及好发部位与患者年龄有一定关系。头痛、头晕、恶心、呕吐等颅高压症状是所有神经上皮细胞肿瘤最常见的首发症状,而癫痫与胶质瘤的病理级别有一定关系。结论胶质瘤是最常见的神经上皮细胞肿瘤类型,其中星形胶质细胞瘤的构成比最高;不同肿瘤类型的构成比、好发部位、病理级别与患者年龄有关;各类型神经上皮细胞肿瘤的构成比无性别差异;癫痫与胶质瘤的病理级别有一定关系。

Epidemiology of neuroepithelial tumors in the central nervous system

Objective Neuroepithelial tumors are the most common nervous system tumors. There is no epidemiologic data on neuroepithelial tumors at home and abroad. The study aims to investigate the epidemiology of neuroepithelial tumors in the central nervous system. Methods All the cases were diagnosed as neuroepithelial tuners at the Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University from January 1, 213138 to December 30, 2011. The clinical data were recorded, including sex, age, occupation, residence, initial symptoms, primary site, pathologic diagnosis, and WHO grade. Count data were compared using chi-square test. Results Eight hundred ninety cases were collected with 1 599 male cases （59. 9% ） and 1 071 female eases （40. 1% ）. Male to female ratio was 1.49：1. Patients aged from4 months to 75 years （mean, 42）. There were 1392 cases of astrocytoma, 444 cases of oligoastrocytoma, 384 cases of oligedendrocytoma, 243 cases of ependymoma, 111 eases of medttlloblastoma, 42 cases of gangliocytoma, 33 cases of choroid plexus tumors and 21 eases of pineal region tumors. The neuroepithelial tumors patients ranged from 20 N69 years with male patients as the most. There was age-related difference in ratio and distribution of neuroepithelial tumors. Headache, dizziness, nausea and vomiting were the most common first symptoms in all tumor types. Epilepsy is associated with the malignancy of glioma. Conclusion Glioma is the most common neuroepithelial tumors. There is difference in the ratio, distribution and pathological grade among different age groups.