住院患者下呼吸道医院感染的调查分析及预防

目的了解下呼吸道医院感染情况,并探讨下呼吸道医院感染的预防措施。方法对南昌大学第三附属医院2008年1-12月24 585例住院患者下呼吸道医院感染进行前瞻性的调查。结果 24 585例住院患者中有899例发生医院感染,医院感染率为3.66%（899/24 585）。其中下呼吸道医院感染者424例次。感染发生的科室以老年病房和神经内科为主。医院感染的病原菌以革兰阴性菌为主,占48.18%。424例次下呼吸道医院感染者中有254例次呼吸道侵入性操作史。使用呼吸机造成下呼吸道医院感染率为68.42%。结论积极治疗原发病、合理使用抗生素、减少呼吸道侵入性操作及加强病区内消毒隔离管理工作等是预防下呼吸道感染的有效措施。

Investigation Analysis and Prevention of Lower Respiratory Tract Hospital Infection in In-patient

Objective To understand the situation of lower respiratory tract hospital infection and to explore prevention measure of lower respiratory tract hospital infection. Methods The third affiliated hospital of Nanchang university of forward-looking investigate of 24 585 cases low- er respiratory tract hospital infection of in-patient from January to December in 2008. Results 24 585 cases in-patient of 899 cases occurred hospital infection, hospital infection rate 3. 66~ （899/24 585）. Including occurred lower respiratory tract hospital infection of 424 cases, infection occurrence department of the old aged wards and department of neuroloy with mainly. The bacte- ria of gram negative in hospital infection, accounting for 48.18%. 424 cases lower respiratory tract hospital infection of 254 cases history of respiratory tract invasive operation. The ventilator cause of lower respiratory tract hospital infection rate 68.42 %. Conclusion Actively treatment of the primary disease, rational use of antibiotics,invasive procedures to reduce respiratory and disease in the region to strengthening the management of disiinfection and isolation of the most effective measures to prevention lower respiratory tract infections.