应用K-ras基因突变诊断胰腺癌的探讨

目的 采用连续富集酶切一限制性片段长度多态性／聚合酶链反应（CED-RnP／PCR）探索K-ras基因在胰腺癌患者血浆中的表达。方法 以血浆代替以往的标本并采用CED-RFLP／PCR技术检测胰腺癌、非胰腺癌患者及健康对照者血浆K-ras基因突变情况。结果 胰腺癌患者血浆K-Fas基因的突变阳性率为73％，无假阳性率，高于胰液、十二指肠液的检测率，低于细针穿刺的检测率；胰腺良性病变患者及健康对照者血浆中未检测到K-ras基因的突变；胰腺癌组K-ras基因突变与非胰腺癌组及健康对照组相比具有显著性差别。结论 CED-RFLP／PCR法检测血浆K-ras基因突变技术具有简单、易行高效的特点，克服以往技术的弊端，对胰腺癌的诊断及鉴别有一定的应用价值。

Diagnosis of Pancreatic Cancer by Detecting K-ras Gene Mutations

Objective To detect plasma K- ms gene mutation by using CED- RFLP/PCR to diagnose pancreatic cancer. Methods CED- RFLP/PCR technique was used to detect K - ms gene mutation in the plasma specimens of pancreatic cancer patients, patients with benign pancreatic diseases and healthy subjects. Results In pancreatic cancer patients the positive rate of plasma K - ms gene mutation was 73 %, without false positivity, and higher than that in the pancreatic juice and duodenal juice, but lower than that in the fine - needle aspirates. Plasma K - ras gene mutation was not found in patients with benign pancreatic disease and healthy subjects. Conclusion The detection of plasma K - ms gene mutation by CED - RFLP/PCR is simple and effective, and could avoid the faults of other detection methods. It is helpful for the diagnosis and identification of pancreatic cancer.