太白贝母鳞茎品质与根际土壤因子的相关性分析

目的:探究不同产地、不同年限的太白贝母鳞茎品质与根际土壤因子之间相关关系,为太白贝母药材的优质、安全生产提供理论依据。方法:以11份不同产地、不同生长年限太白贝母鳞茎及根际土壤为研究对象,采用土壤农化分析方法对根际土壤中速效氮,速效磷,速效钾,有机质,p H及6种土壤酶活性进行测定,采用HPLC法测定鳞茎中贝母辛和9种核苷含量,UV法测定总生物碱含量,利用SPSS 22. 0软件对测定数据进行相关性分析。结果:不同产地和不同生长年限太白贝母根际土壤因子与鳞茎品质之间均具有显著性差异(P 0. 05)。土壤因子方面,野生品根际土壤速效氮、速效钾、有机质含量和6种土壤酶活性均高于栽培品,而速效磷,p H低于栽培品。随生长年限增加,栽培品土壤养分指标呈现不同趋势的变化,野生品无明显变化,但两者的土壤酶活性大多呈现不同程度的降低。鳞茎品质方面,太白贝母鳞茎9种核苷含量和生物碱含量随生长年限增加而呈现降低趋势,栽培品变化趋势较大,而野生品变化不大,多数栽培品核苷及生物碱含量高于野生品。相关性分析显示,根际土壤因子之间及土壤因子与鳞茎品质之间均具有一定的相关性。整体上说,土壤营养状况和鳞茎品质随着年限的增加呈下降状态。结论:太白贝母品质主要受到其根际土壤因子综合影响,在太白贝母野外就地保护或人工栽培过程中,注意根据实际情况增减土壤各养分的含量及其比例关系,以保证其品质。

Correlation Analysis Between Bulb Quality and Rhizosphere Soil Factors of Fritillaria taibaiensis

Objective: To explore the correlation between bulb quality and rhizosphere soil factors of Fritillaria taibaiensis of different origins and years,in order to provide theoretical basis for the high quality and safe production of F. taibaiensis. Method: Totally 11 samples of bulb and rhizospheric soil of F. taipaiensis of different origins and years were taken as the research objects. Available N,available P,available K,organic matter,pH and six soil enzyme activities in rhizosphere soils were determined by soil agrochemical analysis method. Peimisine and nine nucleosides in F. taibaiensis bulbs were determined by HPLC, and total alkaloid content was determined by UV. SPSS 22.0 software was used to analyze the correlation of the measured data. Result: There were significant differences in rhizosphere soil factors and bulb quality between F. taibaiensis of different origins and years (P<0.05). In terms of soil factors,the contents of available N,available K,organic matter and six soil enzyme activities in rhizosphere soil of wild varieties were higher than those of cultivated varieties,while the contents of available P and pH were lower than those of cultivated varieties. With the increase of growth years,the soil nutrient index of cultivated varieties showed different change trends,while that of wild varieties did not change significantly. However,most of the soil enzymes in both groups decreased in varying degrees. In terms of bulb quality,the contents of nine nucleosides and alkaloids in F. taibaiensis bulbs decreased with the increase of growth years,with larger change trends of cultivated varieties,while that of wild varieties was not significant. The contents of nucleosides and alkaloids in most cultivated varieties were higher than those in wild varieties. The correlation analysis showed certain correlations between soil factors in rhizosphere as well as soil factors and bulb quality. In general,soil nutrient status and bulb quality decreased with the increase of years. Conclusion: The quality of F. taibaiensis is mainly affected by its rhizosphere soil factors. In the process of field conservation and artificial cultivation,attention shall be paid to increase or decrease of the content of soil nutrients and their proportional relationship according to actual situations,so as to ensure the quality of F. taibaiensis.