慢传输型便秘患者粪菌移植治疗的护理

目的总结30例慢传输型便秘患者行粪菌移植(FMT)治疗的护理方法。方法对30例慢传输型便秘患者行粪菌移植治疗。治疗前做好入院宣教、供体护理、受者肠道准备,配制移植菌液,经鼻肠管注入菌液,移植后密切观察不良反应并做好饮食指导。结果经粪菌移植治疗后第12周,11例(36.7%)患者获得临床治愈,18例(60.0%)获得临床改善,1例无效。患者自主排便次数从治疗前的平均1.2次/周逐渐增加,至12周达4.2次/周。治疗后不同时间点生活质量评分显著低于治疗前(P0.05,P0.01)。结论粪菌移植治疗慢传输型便秘效果良好。在粪菌移植治疗中,供体筛查的准确性、菌液提取与配制、移植前后患者适应性以及移植后肠康复中饮食、活动指导等是护理的重点。

Nursing care of patients with slow transit constipation treated with fecal microbiota transplant(FMT)

Objective To explore nursing care measures during fecal microbiota transplant(FMT) for 30 patients with slow transit constipation.Methods A total of 30 patients with slow transit constipation were treated with FMT.Before treatment,admission education was delivered to the patients,and donor care,recipient's bowel preparation,configuration of transplanted microbial liquid were conducted.Microbial liquid was injected within 6 min through a nasoenteric tube,then adverse events were recorded and diet guidance was provided.Results At 12 weeks after FMT treatment,11 patients(36.7％) were clinically cured,18 (60.0 ％) received clinical improvement,and 1 patient was irresponsive to FMT.Spontaneous defecation among these patients increased from an average of 1.2 times/week before FMT treatment to 4.2 times/week at 12 weeks.Also,patients' quality of life scores was significantly lower than before FMT treatment (P＜0.05,P＜0.01).Conclusion FMT is effective for slow transit constipation.Nursing care play an important role in donor screening,microbes extraction and microbial liquid preparation,patient adjustment before treatment,diet guidance after treatment,and exercise guidance,etc.