成都市中心城区社区中老年居民抑郁症筛查及其危险因素研究

目的调查成都市中心城区社区中老年居民抑郁症患病状况并探讨相关危险因素。方法采取多阶段整群抽样方法选取成都市2个城区社区,使用社区流行病学调查常用的患者健康问卷(PHQ-2)抑郁筛查量表和自行设计的一般资料调查问卷,对被选社区居住2年以上的35~70岁中老年居民进行入户面对面调查。采用SPSS 18.0软件计算患病率并使用logistic回归模型对主要危险因素进行多因素分析。结果共调查城区居民1015人,其中女性616人,男性399人,年龄58.90±9.48岁。35~70岁城区居民抑郁症患病率为4.33%(44/1015),其中男性患病率(2.95%,10/339)低于女性(5.52%,34/616);人口标化后男、女患病率分别为3.41%和6.37%,且差异有统计学意义(χ2=6.021,P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示:城区45~55岁人群较65岁以上人群患抑郁症风险增加OR=3.465,95%CI(1.470,8.173)];已婚较离婚人群患抑郁症风险降低OR=0.174,95%CI(0.040,0.747)];家庭收入每增加500元,其患抑郁症风险降低27.6%OR=0.724,95%CI(0.583,0.898)]。结论成都市城区社区中老年居民女性抑郁症患病率高于男性,中年、离婚和低收入居民是罹患抑郁症的主要危险因素。

Depression of Elderly Residents in the Central Districts of Chengdu City： A Study on Epidemiological Screening and Risk Factors

ObjectiveTo screen depression in urban elderly residents in the central districts of Chengdu city and to explore risk factors related to depression. MethodsThe Patient Health Questionnaire （PHQ-2） and a self-designed questionnaire of social basic information were used to conduct household face-to-face survey among all urban elderly residents （aged between 35-70） in two urban communities selected by multi-stage cluster sampling method. The prevalence was calculated using SPSS 18.0 software. The logistic regression model was applied for depression major risk factors. ResultsA total of 1 015 urban elderly residents were interviewed, with 616 women and 399 men. The average age is 58.90±9.48 years old. 59 patients were screened as depression with the overall prevalence of depression 4.33% （44/1 015）. The prevalence in male （2.95%, 10/339） was lower than that in female （5.52%, 34/616） with significant differences. After population standardization, the significant difference between male and female prevalence rates was found （3.41% vs. 6.37%, χ2=6.021, P〈0.05）. The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that, the risk of depression will increase in 45 to 55 years old people than over 65 years old people （OR=3.465, 95%CI 1.470 to 8.173）, and the risk of depression would decrease in stable marital status people than divorced people （OR=0.174, 95%CI 0.040 to 0.747）. Household income increased per 500 yuan would reduces the risk of depression to 0.724 （OR=0.724, 95%CI 0.583 to 0.898）. ConclusionThe prevalence of depression in urban female adults is higher than that of male adults in the central districts of Chengdu. The middle age, divorced status and low income are the main risk factors to depression.