2型糖尿病患者听力损害的相关性分析

目的探讨糖尿病合并听力损害患者纯音测听（PTA）、脑干听觉诱发电位（ABR）和畸变产物诱发电位（DPOAE）改变的特点。方法测定134例2型糖尿病患者的纯音测听、脑干听觉诱发电位和畸变产物诱发电位结果，回顾性分析听力正常组和异常组的临床资料，并应用多因素logistic回归分析探讨影响听力的危险因素。结果41.8%的2型糖尿病患者出现听力学改变，听力正常组与异常改变组之间的年龄、病程、LDL-C 、GHbA1c水平差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；Logistic回归分析显示，年龄、病程、LDL-C及视网膜病变为糖尿病听力损害的危险性因素。结论2型糖尿病患者听力损伤的比例较高且临床症状不明显，门诊的积极听力学检查有助于糖尿病听力损害的早期诊断和干预治疗。

Risk factors of hearing impairments in type 2 diabetic patients

Objective To study the characteristics of hearing impairments in type 2 diabetic patients.Methods 134 patients with type 2 diabetes were determined by pure tone audiometry(PTA),auditory brainstem response(ABR)and distortion product otoacoustic emissions(DPOAE).The risk factors of hearing loss were analyzed by logistic regression analysis.Results 41.8% patients had hearing loss.There were significant differences in age,duration of the T2DM,LDLC and GHbA1c between the normal and the abnormal groups(P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis suggested that age,duration of the T2DM,LDL-C and DR were independent risk factors of hearing impairments in type 2 diabetic patients.Conclusions There are many type 2 diabetic patients with sub-clinical hearing loss.Active hearing tests are helpful in early diagnosis and treatment.