发育支持护理对早产儿胃肠道功能、神经行为、运动及智能发育的影响

目的探讨发育支持护理对早产儿胃肠道功能、神经行为、运动及智能发育的影响。方法选择130例早产儿随机分为观察组65例和对照组65例,对照组采用常规早产儿护理,观察组在此基础上给予发育支持护理,包括胃肠功能发育护理、吸吮吞咽反射训练、听觉及视力发育护理、抚触护理。结果观察组腹胀消退时间、开始经口喂养时间、达足量喂养时间、喂养不耐受率与对照组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组对安慰的反应、前臂肌张力、下肢肌张力、手握持能力评分与对照组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组出生3、6、12个月运动发育及智能发育得分与对照组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论发育支持护理可有效促进早产儿吸吮吞咽反射、肠道菌群建立及胃肠道功能发育,提高早产儿感官、感觉及运动神经发育,有利于运动和智能发育追赶,提高早产儿生长发育预后。

Effect of developmental supportive nursing on gastrointestinal function,neural behavior,movement and intelligent development of premature infants

Objective To investigate the effect of developmental supportive nursing on gastrointestinal function, neural behavior, movement and intelligent development of premature infants. Methods A total of 130 premature infants were randomly divided into 65 cases of the observation group and 65 cases of the control group. The patients in the control group were given the routine nursing of premature infants, while the patients in the observation group were given the developmental supportive nursing on this basis, included the gastrointestinal function development nursing, sucking and swallowing reflex training, hearing and vision development nursing, touching nursing. Results The differences were sta- tistically significant in the abdominal distension regression time, initiation time of oral feeding, time of reaching ade- quate feeding, feeding intolerance, and the scores of reaction to comfort, forearm muscle tension, lower limb muscle tension, hand holding ability, and the scores of movement and intelligent development at 3, 6, 12 months after the born between the observation group and the control group （P all〈0.05）. Conclusion Developmental supportive nursing can effectively promote the sucking and swallowing reflex, establishment of intestinal flora and gastrointestinal function development in premature infants, improve the sensory organ, sense and motor nerve development in premature infants, conducive to the movement and intelligence development, and improve the prognosis of growth and development in premature infants.