职业性锰暴露电焊工唾液锰和尿高香草酸水平的研究

目的]通过研究不同锰暴露水平电焊工唾液锰和尿高香草酸水平的差异,探索职业性锰暴露的早期生物标志。方法]选择青浦区24家锰电焊企业的234名电焊工人为暴露组,采用个体长时间采样采集工作场所空气锰,时间加权平均浓度（TWA）≥0.15 mg/m3者为高暴露组共121人,TWA〈0.15 mg/m^3者为低暴露组共113人,选取不接触锰工人135人为对照组,测定各组唾液锰和尿高香草酸浓度,分析各组间两指标的差异及其影响因素。结果]暴露组和高暴露组唾液锰浓度分别为（7.65±5.57）μg/L和（13.38±15.36）μg/L,暴露组与对照组以及高暴露组与低暴露组比较,唾液锰浓度差异均有统计学意义（均P〈0.01）;高暴露组接锰工龄5年以上组唾液锰均值为（16.94±19.81）μg/L,较接锰工龄5年以下组差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;暴露组和高暴露组尿高香草酸浓度均值分别为（6.79±1.01）μg/L和（7.58±0.92）μg/L,暴露组与对照组以及高暴露组与低暴露组比较尿高香草酸差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。结论]唾液锰可以考虑作为职业性锰暴露的生物标志;尿高香草酸可以作为职业性锰暴露早期的效应标志。

Saliva Concentrations of Manganese and Urine Concentrations of Homovanillic Acid in Welders with Occupational Exposure to Manganese

Abstract： Objective ] To identify the biomarkers of early occupational manganese exposure by analyzing the alterations of saliva concentrations of manganese and urine concentrations of homovanillic acid among welders exposed to different levels of manganese. Methods ] Welders （n=234） from 24 manganese enterprises in Qingpu District were selected as the exposure group. Samples of air manganese were collected by personal long-time sampling techniques. Further subgrouping was conducted according to the air manganese levels, workers were assigned to the low concentration group （TWA〈0.15 mg/m3, n= 113） and the high concentration group （TWA≥0.15 mg/m^3, n= 121）, and those without manganese exposure history were selected as the control group （n=135）. Saliva manganese and urine homovanillic acid of each group were measured. Results ] The average saliva manganese concentration of the exposure group was （7.65 ± 5.57）μg/L, higher than that of the control group （P 〈 0.01）. The average saliva manganese concentration of the high concentration group was （13.38 ± 15.36） μg/L, higher than that of the low concentration group （P〈 0.01）. The average saliva manganese concentration of those exposed to manganese for more than 5 years in the high concentration group was （16.94 ±19.81） μg/L, which was higher than those exposed to manganese for less than 5 years in this group （P〈 0.05）. The average urine concentration of homovanillic acid of the exposure group was （6.79 ± 1.01）μg/L, higher than that of the control group （P〈 0.01）. The average urine concentration of homovanillic acid of the high concentration group was （7.58±0.92）μg/L, higher than that of the low concentration group （P〈 0.01）. Conclusion ] Saliva manganese could be a potential biomarker of occupational manganese exposure. Urine homovanillic could be a potential effect biomarker of occupational manganese exposure, and its concentration is increased in early exposure stage.