支撑喉镜下喉硅胶膜置入及声带缝合手术治疗喉蹼

目的探讨喉硅胶膜置入及声带黏膜缝合术在治疗喉蹼中的价值及预后转归。方法21例喉蹼患者，4例儿童，17例成人；其中既往有双侧声带手术史（声带任克水肿、声带小结、声带息肉、声带角化）8例，喉乳头状瘤手术史6例，喉部外伤史6例，先天性喉蹼1例。患者在全麻支撑喉镜下行喉蹼瘢痕松解后，15例成人行声带黏膜缝合及喉硅胶膜置入术；4例儿童及2例成人行单纯声带黏膜缝合术。结果15例喉硅胶膜置入患者3—4周后取出支撑的硅胶膜，除1例既往曾有喉裂开史，治疗后前联合处仍残留2—3mm粘连带外，其余14例患者声带前联合均获得良好三角形形态，发音明显改善，无呼吸困难。6例行单纯声带黏膜缝合患者呼吸及发音得到明显改善，2例成年患者前联合处残存2～3mm正常黏膜，术后声带即获得很好成形效果；4例患儿术后前联合残留2—3mm粘连。全部患者随诊6个月-3年，无瘢痕再生。结论喉硅胶膜置入及声带缝合手术治疗喉蹼，利于患者呼吸及发音功能的改善，避免颈外入路手术或气管切开及长期声门支撑，创伤小，并发症少。而声带黏膜单纯缝合手术还可以单独应用于粘连带相对较薄（小于5mm）、黏膜相对丰富的儿童及前联合残存正常黏膜的喉蹼患者。

Use of endoscopic placement of laryngeal stent combined with mucosal suturing of vocal fold for the treatment of laryngeal web

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of laryngeal stent combined with vocal fold mucosal suture for treating laryngeal web. METHODS: A retrospective study performed, 21 laryngeal web cases were included in this study. The web causes were previous vocal fold surgery for benign lesions in 8 cases, previous laryngeal surgery for recurrent papilloma in 6 cases, laryngeal trauma in 6 cases, and congenital web in 1 case. Fifteen adults received glottic silastic sheet keels placement with vocal fold suture, another 2 adults and 4 children only had vocal fold suture, the above procedures were performed with laryngeal endoscopy. RESULTS: Among all patients, good glottis shape was achieved and good voice maintained, 6 months to 3 years follow-up showed open airway without restenosis. 15 adults who had both keels placement and vocal cord suture tolerated the keel well. Keel removal under direct laryngoscopy was perfomed 3-4 weeks after surgery. A normal triangular shaped glottis anterior commissure anatomy was restored in 14 patients and 2-3 mm residual webbing was found in 1 patient (who had laryngofissure history). 2-3 mm residual webbing was found in 4 children who only had endoscopic vocal fold suture. After receiving endoscopic vocal fold suture, 2 adults who was found to have 2-3 mm normal mucosal membrane in anterior commissure during surgery, restored normal vocal cord shape. CONCLUSIONS: The study shows that silastic keel placement combined with vocal fold mucosal suture was successful for treating laryngeal webs cases. Mucosal suturing of vocal fold may decrease or eliminate raw surface exposure and it is useful in the management of pediatric laryngeal webs and webs with normal mucosal membrane in anterior commissure. The potential benefits of those procedures are in avoiding long-term glottic stenting, laryngofissure, and tracheotomy.