甲状腺占位性病变六氟化硫微泡超声造影的探讨

目的 探讨六氟化硫微泡实时超声造影在甲状腺占位性病变中的应用价值.方法 对59例常规超声诊断为甲状腺占位性病变患者的73个病灶再行六氟化硫微泡实时超声造影检查,采用连续超声造影(contrastenhanced ultrasound,CEUS)技术和对比脉冲序列造影成像技术,分析不同占位性病变的CEUS特点.结果 73个病灶均获得满意的动态造影灌注图像.13例超声造影提示15个恶性病灶经术后病理证实为甲状腺乳头状癌,肿瘤直径的大小不同,超声图像呈低或混合回声,边界不清,伴有微小钙化灶,血流分布为Ⅰ级或Ⅲ级.46例超声提示58个良性病灶,血流分布为Ⅱ级或Ⅲ级,二维超声图像表现多样,呈囊性、实性或含液实性团块,边界清.与周边甲状腺组织对比,不同的占位性病变在始增时间、强化程度及强化持续时间上均表现出一定的特点,其中病灶直径≤20 mm的13个甲状腺乳头状癌病灶均为乏血供型;直径>20 mm的2个甲状腺乳头状癌病灶,表现为先于相邻甲状腺实质开始增强及廓清,呈高增强的灌注形式;甲状腺滤泡样腺瘤早于相邻甲状腺实质开始增强及廓清,肿块内造影剂存留时间较长,呈高增强的灌注形式;结节性甲状腺肿增强方式为结节与相邻甲状腺实质同步开始增强,6个病灶造影后表现为结节略早于相邻甲状腺实质开始增强,28个病灶与相邻甲状腺实质同步开始廓清,11个病灶消退早于(开始消退时间≤25 s)相邻甲状腺实质.结论 六氟化硫微泡实时超声造影在甲状腺占位性病变的诊断及鉴别诊断中有一定的实用价值,大部分病例可在术前进行定性诊断.

Diagnosis of thyroid space-occupying lesions using real-time contrast-enhanced ultrasonography with sulphur hexafluoride microbubbles

Objective To explore the value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in the diagnosis of thyroid occupied lesions with injection of sulphur hexafluoride microbubbles. Methods Fifty nine cases of conventional ultrasonic diagnosis of thyroid lesions in patients with 73 lesions re-sulfur hexafluoride microbubble ultrasound contrast real-time inspection, the use of CEUS and contrast pulse sequencing (CPS). Results Seventy-three lesions were satisfied with the dynamic contrast perfusion imaging. Ultrasound contrast prompted the 15 lesions (13 cases) of malignant lesions by postoperative pathology confirmed papillary thyroid carcinoma, ultrasound images showed a low or mixed echo, boundary ambiguity, accompanied by Microcalcification foci, blood flow distribution Ⅰ rank or grade Ⅲ. Ultrasound prompted 58 lesions (46 cases) of benign lesions, blood flow distribution of grade Ⅱ or Ⅲ, the performance of a variety of two-dimensional ultrasound image, showing cystic, solid or liquid-solid mass, border clearance. Contrast with the surrounding thyroid tissue, lesions ≤ 20 mm in diameter papillary thyroid carcinoma are poor blood supply type; diameter ≥ 20 mm papillary thyroid carcinoma, manifested prior to the beginning of the adjacent thyroid substance to enhance and dissection, showing the form of high-enhanced perfusion; thyroid follicular adenoma as early as the beginning of the adjacent thyroid substance to enhance and dissection, mass retained within the contrast agent longer time, showing the form of high-enhanced perfusion; nodular goiter enhanced for thyroid nodules and adjacent synchronization started to pick up in real terms, after the 6 lesions showed nodular contrast slightly earlier than the adjacent thyroid substance started to pick up, 28 lesions with synchronous real beginning of the adjacent thyroid dissection, 11 lesions of nodular dissipated early on (started receding time ≤ 25 s) adjacent to thyroid substance. Conclusion The real-time CEUS with injecting sulphur hexafluoride microbubbles is valuable in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of the thyroid occupied lesions.