Toll样受体3与肿瘤免疫

Toll样受体3(TLR3)是参与天然免疫的一类重要分子,是病毒双链RNA的模式识别受体.TLR3表达于免疫细胞和某些非免疫细胞如皮肤角质化细胞、纤维母细胞和肺上皮细胞等,近年来发现人肿瘤组织中也有TLR3表达.TLR3配体双链RNA能直接激活自然杀伤细胞,增强抗原特异性CD8+ T细胞应答,促进树突状细胞的抗原呈递激活.双链RNA也能通过激活多条信号转导途径,直接诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡.TLR3激动剂作为免疫佐剂已应用到某些肿瘤的辅助性免疫治疗.TLR3在肿瘤免疫中的作用及其相关分子机制值得进一步深入研究.

Toll-like receptor 3 and tumor immunity

Toll-like receptor 3(TLR3)is the critical component of the innate immune system that serves to identify viral double stranded RNA (dsRNA).TLR3 is expressed in immune cells and some nonimmune cells,such as keratinocytes,fibroblast and pulmonary epithelial cells.Recently,it has been reported that TLR3 is expressed in some tumor cell lines.TLR3 ligand dsRNA can directly activate natural killer cells,enhance antigen-specific CD8+ T cell responses,and promote antigen presentation by dendritic cells.They can also induce apoptosis of tumor cells via activating multiple signal transduction pathways.TLR3 agonists,as immunoadjuvant,have been applied for adjuvant immunotherapy of some tumors.Further studied should be conducted on the effect of TLR3 in tumor immunity and its relative molecular mechanism.