血液透析专科护士应具备专业知识的调查研究

目的探讨血液透析专科护士应具备的专业知识,为培养血液透析专科护士设置培训内容提供依据。方法应用德尔菲法对北京、上海和黑龙江等地35位专家就血液透析专科护士应具备的专业知识进行2轮函询与论证。结果专家的权威程度为0.85,专家意见的集中程度高;2轮调查专家意见的和谐系数分别为0.27、0.41（均P〈0.01）。血液透析专科护士应具备的专业知识包括专科理论知识、专科实践知识和护理相关知识3大类34个条目。专家意见较一致的前几个条目为透析设备的管理、血管通路的管理、血液透析的观察技术、血液透析中即刻并发症的处理、血液透析患者及家属的心理护理、血液透析患者生活质量的评价、血液透析中心的护理风险管理等。结论专家对确定的血液透析专科知识协调程度较高,可将其作为血液透析专科护士培训内容,以提高护士专业知识水平。

Professional Knowledge of Hemodialysis Nurse Specialists

Objective To probe into the professional knowledge that hemodialysis nurse specialist should be equipped with,and to provide bases for setting up training content so as to develop nurse specialist of hemodialysis.Methods With Delphi method,35 nurse specialists who were from Beijing,Shanghai and Heilongjiang province were consulted twice to help analyze the professional knowledge that hemodialysis nurse specialist should be equipped with.Results The authority degree was 0.85.The concordance coefficient of the general indexes of two surveys were 0.27 and 0.41 respectively(P<0.01 for both).The professional knowledge that hemodialysis nurse specialist should be equipped with included professional theory,specialized practice knowledge and nursing related knowledge,which had 3 categories(34 items).The specialists reached an agreement on top seven items according to their importance,which were dialysis equipment management,management for hemodialysis vascular accesses,the observation techniques of hemodialysis,the treatment of complications,psychological nursing of patients and families,life quality assessment of hemodialysis patients,and risk management in hemodialysis center.Conclusion Nurse specialists who joined the study reached general consensus on knowledge that hemodialysis nurse specialists should be equiped with.Training curriculum for hemodialysis nurse specialist deveplopment could be established on basis of the 34 items.