过敏原蛋白组分sIgE检测及分析

目的 分析过敏性疾病患者血清中多种过敏原蛋白组分的sIgE,明确过敏原中的致敏蛋白组分,为临床过敏性疾病预防和治疗提供科学依据.方法 采用荧光酶联免疫法,用ImmunoCAP过敏原检测试剂检测受试者血液标本中过敏原蛋白组分及相关过敏原的特异性IgE(sIgE)水平,统计每种过敏原蛋白组分sIgE检出量和阳性率,并对主要致敏蛋白组分sIgE阳性率和相关过敏原的阳性率进行对比和分析.结果 40种过敏原蛋白组分的阳性率均小于过敏原的阳性率,致敏组分和交叉过敏组分共存于过敏原中.户尘螨、黄胡蜂毒、桃、猫毛、榛子、牛奶和鸡蛋的主要致敏蛋白组分阳性率高于过敏原阳性率的50%;百慕达草、意大利蜜蜂毒、桦树和花生的主要致敏蛋白组分阳性率介于过敏原阳性率的20%~50%之间;虾、狗毛、梯牧草和北艾草的主要致敏蛋白组分阳性率低于过敏原阳性率的20%.结论 过敏原蛋白组分检测能鉴别过敏原中真正致敏的蛋白组分,解决由于交叉反应所导致的过敏原特异性诊断难题,确保过敏性疾病特异性免疫治疗的精确性和有效性.

Detection and Analysis of Allergic Protein Components Specific IgE

Objective To analysis sIgE of allergic protein components from patients with allergic diseases,identify the allergic protein components in allergens, and provide scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of allergic diseases.Methods The sIgE of allergic protein components and related allergens were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and ImmunoCAP allergen detection reagent.The positive rate of major allergenic protein components and related allergens were compared and analyzed.Results The positive rate of the 40 components of allergen was lower than that of allergen, the allergic components and the cross allergic components coexist in allergens.The positive rates of the major allergic protein components in house dust mite, yellow bee venom, peach, cat hair, hazelnut, milk and egg were 50% higher than that of the allergen.The positive rates of the main allergenic protein components in Bermuda grass, Italy bee venom, birch and peanut were between 20% to 50% of the allergen positive rate, the positive rates of the main allergenic protein components of shrimp, dog hair, timothy wormwood and North Main were 20% lower than that of the allergen.Conclusion The detection of allergen protein components can identify the truly allergenic protein components in allergens,solve the problem of allergen specific diagnosis due to cross reaction, and ensure the accuracy and effectiveness of specific immunotherapy for allergic diseases.