SD大鼠膈构筑学及肌内神经分布研究

目的探索大鼠膈构筑学特征和肌内神经分布模式,提供比较解剖学资料。方法成年SD大鼠共30只,不拘雌雄。各取10只大鼠分别用于计格法测量膈表面积、肌构筑法测量膈构筑学指数、改良Sihler’s染色法显示膈肌内神经。结果 1大鼠膈为穹窿形扁肌,总的表面积为（23.20±4.12）cm2,肌性部表面积为（20.75±3.84）cm2,肌重为（1.01±0.34）g,其中胸骨部表面积和肌重分别占整个膈的5.39%和3.06%,肋部相应占67.35%和62.08%,腰部占16.70%和34.87%;2胸骨部肌束长（1.568±0.30）cm,肋部前、中、后肌束长分别为（1.971±0.33）cm,（2.578±0.57 cm）,（1.797±0.33）cm,腰部外侧束和内膈脚肌束长为（1.502±0.36）cm和（2.37±0.35）cm;3一侧膈神经入肌后常分为前内侧、外侧和后3条初级支,分别向前内侧、外侧和后方走行,支配胸部、肋部和腰部。后支在腰部还可分为后外侧支和后脚支支配外侧肌束和内膈脚。结论 SD大鼠具有不同于其它动物的构筑学特征和相似的肌内神经分布模式。

Studies on muscle architecture and intramuscular nerve distribution in SD rat diaphragm

Objective To investigate the architectural feature and the distribution of the branches of nerves of the rat diaphragm for comparative study of the human diaphragm.Methods A total of 30 adult SD rats,both male and female.All 10 rats were respectively used to gauge lattice method of measurement of phrenic surface area,muscle architecture method measuring diaphragm architecture index,modified Sihler ＇s staining revealed diaphragmatic nerve.Results 1） The dome-shaped diaphragm of the muscle flat wide surface area was 23.20 ± 4.12cm2,muscular portion of the surface area was 20.75 ± 3.84cm2,the muscle weight was 1.01 ± 0.34 g.The surface area of the sternum and muscle weight accounted for 5.39% and 3.06%,costal part of ribs accounted for 67.35% and 62.08%,and waist accounted for 16.70% and 34.87%.2） Sternum muscle bundle length 1.568 ± 0.30 cm,ribs before,during and after a long bundle were 1.971 ± 0.33 cm,2.578 ± 0.57 cm,1.797± 0.33 cm,respectively.The outer and inner diaphragm beam waist length was 1.502 feet bundle ± 0.36 cm and 2.37 ± 0.35 cm.3） Side of the phrenic nerve into muscle after three general points,followed by forward medial,lateral and posterior walk the line,disposable chest,ribs and waist.Anteromedial branch,lateral branches and subordinate branch after branch ED,ribs visible at the end of a small branch anastomosis;which later branched into lateral branch after lumbar support and rear lateral beam and the disposable diaphragm feet.Conclusion With the building mode of nerve distribution characteristics and similar in muscle is different from other animal in SD rats.