学校心理干预对中小学生心身健康水平的影响

目的了解心理卫生教育对中小学生心身健康的影响. 方法以学校心理卫生教育干预形式,结合家庭干预,对小学四年级一个班52名学生和初中一个班50名学生进行一个学期16课时的心理教育和四个学时的家长公开课相结合.以53名同校四年级和51名同校初二另二个班学生为对照,用SCL--90分别进行测查. 结果心身健康水平有显著提高,其中强迫、人际敏感、焦虑、精神病性四项心理指标的提高较为显著,男女生干预前后在某些指标上的变化却有差异.本实验对有轻微心理症状学生的心身健康水平的改善最为明显,而对存在明显心理障碍学生的心身健康水平的改善不明显. 结论心理干预能够减少或消除不良因素,预防心理疾病的发生,提高中小学生的心身健康水平.

The Effect of Psychological Intervention to Mental and Physical Health of Students in Middle and Elementary School

Objective To understand the influence of mental health of the students in primary and middle schools for aiming at education of psychological healthcare and hygiene. Methods Making education of psychological hygiene of schools combining family intervention,a course of psychological education was instituted consisting of 16 class hours in one semester to 52 students in the class of the 4th grade in the primary school and another 50 students in one class in the junior middle school combined by another open course of 4 class hours to their household heads and by using 53 students of the 4th grade of primary class and 51 students of the 2nd grade of two junior middle-school classes in the same school as control to be assessed by utilizing the SCL---90 credits separately. Result Results thus obtained showed that after receiving psychological education,levels of mental and physical health in the students were raised with particularly significant elevation in the four psychological indices including compulsion,interpersonal sensitivity,anxiety and solitude;however,discrepancies do exist in changes of some indices before and after intervention between male and female students. This experiment brought forth the most significant improvement on levels of psychophysical health in students with mild psychological status but not so significant on those with apparently significant mental disturbances. Conclusion Psychological intervention can minimize or eliminate adverse factors, prevent occurrence of mental diseases as well as raised levels of psychophysical health in primary and middle school tudents.