产后抑郁症、焦虑症的相关因素分析

目的　探讨产后抑郁症、焦虑症发病原因和防治对策。方法　用抑郁自评量表 (SDS)和焦虑自评量表 (SAS)对 1 5 0 0例围产期产妇评定 ,并与我国常模对照。结果　产妇中 1 2 1 % (1 81 1 5 0 0 )有抑郁情绪 ,1 0 6 % (1 5 9 1 5 0 0 )有焦虑情绪 ,抑郁、焦虑评分显著高于我国常模水平 ,差异有极显著性 (P <0 0 1 ) ;多因素分析显示产后抑郁症、焦虑症与家庭类型、经济收入、年龄、受教育程度、性格、分娩方式及医务人员态度有相关性。结论　产后抑郁症、焦虑症的发生主要与社会因素 (家庭类型、经济收入、年龄、受教育程度 )、心理因素 (性格、分娩方式及医务人员态度 )有关。提示在产后焦虑症、抑郁症的治疗上 ,应从药物、心理和社会因素多方面综合性治疗。

Study on the etiology of postpartum depression and anxiety

Objective To study the etiology of postpartum depression and anxiety, in order to find out preventive and therapeutic measures. Methods 1 500 puerpera were selected for mood study by self-rating depression scale and anxiety scale, and compared with the Chinese norm. Results The prevalence of postpartum depression was 12 1%. The scores were much higher than the norm. Multiple logistic regression showed the depression was associated with family type, incomes, age, education, character, delivery method and attitude of medical staff. Conclusions Postpartum depression and anxiety were related to society factors (family type, incomes, age, education) and psychological factors (character, delivery method and attitude of medical staff). To prenatal psychological care and propagation of the knowledge of delivery should be paid more attention. Therapy of this mental disorder should combine medical, psychological and social methods.