吉林省长春市居民睡眠质量调查及其相关因素分析

目的：对吉林省长春市居民睡眠质量相关影响因素进行调查和分析，了解长春市一般人群睡眠质量现状的基线数据并对其进行评价，为制定科学的睡眠障碍防控策略提供依据。 方法：2008年9-11月本文作者采用方便整群抽样的非概率抽样方法抽取长春市朝阳区、绿园区、宽城区、南关区和农安区居民共3 285人，在调查人员现场指导下进行自填式问卷调查；利用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（PSQI）量表对人群睡眠质量进行评价，PSQI总分≥8分者判定为睡眠质量不良，描述长春市居民睡眠质量不良率；利用自行设计的调查表调查一般人口学特征、生理健康状况和心理状况等睡眠质量相关因素，并通过单因素χ2检验和多元Logistic回归分析研究其与睡眠质量是否存在关联。 结果：长春市居民PSQI总均分为(4.43±2.70)分，睡眠质量不良率为12.6%；单因素χ2检验分析结果表明:性别、人口来源（城/乡）、职业类型（脑力/体力）、受教育水平、婚姻状况及腹部肥胖、吸烟与睡眠质量不良的发生有关（P<0.05）；多元回归分析结果表明:年龄、有冠心病史、有躯体疼痛症状、有身体疲劳感、自我满意度低、家庭成员间冲突多和情绪不良是睡眠障碍的危险因素，而体质量指数(BMI)、饮酒、高血压、糖尿病尚未见与睡眠障碍有显著性关联。 结论：长春市居民睡眠质量不良现象较为普遍，应重点关注女性、农村人口、体力劳动者、婚姻状况不好者等睡眠质量不良的高危人群，提倡保持良好的生理健康状况和心理状态。

Investigation on sleep quality of residents in Changchun city and its relevant influencing factors

Objective To assess the sleep quality of residents in Changchun city,investigate and analyze its relevant influencing factors,and provide basis data of the sleep quality of general population in Changchun city and scientific evidence for prevention and improvement of sleep quality.Methods From September to November in 2008,3 285 residents in Changchun city were surveyed as subjects with questionnaires through convenient cluster sampling method,including Chaoyang County,Luyuan County,Kuancheng County,Nanguan County,and Nong'an County;Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI)questionnaire was administered to evaluate the sleep quality.Those whose global score of PSQI over 8 were thought to have poor sleep quality and the prevalence was calculated;Self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate the sleep influencing factors,including demographic characteristics,physical and psychological health conditions.Univariate and multivariate analysis were carried out to explore the correlation between sleep quality and its relavant factors.Results The mean global score of PSQI was 4.43±2.70 and 12.6 percent residents in Changchun city had poor sleep quality.Univariate factor analysis showed that sex,source(City/Town),occupation type,education level,marriage,abdomen fat,smoking habit were related with sleep quality(P<0.05).Multivariate factor analysis found out that age,coronary heart disease,body pain,fatigue,low self-satisfaction,family conflict and bad mood were risk factors of sleep quality.BMI,drinking alcohol,hypertension,and diabetes had no significant correlation with sleep quality yet.Conclusion Poor sleep quality exists widely in Changchun residents.Female,rural,manual labor,and poor marriage population have high risk and should arouse genereal concern.Health physical and psychological conditions are advocated for good sleep quality.