基于Andersen行为模型的消化道肿瘤患者支持性照顾需求现状及影响因素分析

目的调查消化道肿瘤患者的支持性照顾需求现状并分析其影响因素。方法于2019年1—10月间,采用便利抽样的方法,抽取重庆市三峡中心医院内消化道肿瘤患者共370例,采用一般资料调查表、癌症病人支持性照顾需求简明问卷(SCNS-SF34)、医院焦虑和抑郁量表(HADS)、社会网络支持量表(LSNS)进行问卷调查。以Andersen行为模型为基础,将调查内容中关于消化道肿瘤患者支持性照顾需求的影响因素分别纳入倾向性因素、使能因素和需求性因素中,构建4个线性回归模型进行分析,并检验各模型的拟合优度,采用多元线性回归分析消化道肿瘤患者支持性照顾需求的影响因素。结果共发放问卷370份,回收有效问卷365份,有效回收率为98.6%。365例消化道肿瘤患者支持性照顾需求总均分为(3.42±0.54)分,其中生理与日常生活需求>健康信息需求>照顾与支持需求>心理需求>性需求。多元线性回归分析结果显示:倾向性因素中年龄、婚姻状况,使能因素中的家庭平均月收入、疾病负担能力、社会网络支持,需求性因素中的病程、疾病分期、疼痛情况、焦虑程度、抑郁程度是消化道肿瘤患者支持性照顾需求的主要影响因素(P<0.05)。结论消化道肿瘤患者有较高的支持性照顾需求,其需求受多种因素的影响,建议临床医护人员针对不同需求患者进行针对性满足,并对不同影响因素进行综合考量并加以分类分析。

Present situation and influencing factors of supportive care for patients with digestive tract tumor based on Andersen behavior model

Objective To investigate the current situation of the supportive care needs of patients with internal digestive tract tumors in a Grade 3A general hospital and analyze its influencing factors to provide the basis for the individualized intervention of clinical medical staff.Methods Between January and October 2019,a total of 370 patients with digestive tract tumor in a Grade 3A general hospital were selected by convenient sampling method.General information questionnaire,concise questionnaire for supporting care needs of cancer patients(SCNS-SF34),hospital anxiety and depression scale(HADS),social network support scale(LSNS)were used to carry out the questionnaire.Based on the Andersen behavior model,four linear regression models were constructed to analyze the influence factors of the supportive care needs of patients with digestive tract tumor in the survey content.Results A total of 370 questionnaires were issued,365 valid questionnaires were recovered,and the effective recovery rate was 98.6%.the total of 365 patients with digestive tract tumor with supportive care needs were divided into(3.42±0.54),in which physiological and daily life needs>health information needs>care and support needs>psychological needs>sexual needs.The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that age,marital status,average monthly income of the family,disease burden capacity,social network support in the enabling factors,course of disease,disease stage,pain condition,anxiety and depression in the demand factors were the main influencing factors of supportive care needs in patients with digestive tract tumor(P<0.05).Conclusion patients with digestive tract tumor have high supportive care needs,and their needs are influenced by many factors.It is suggested that the clinical medical staff should meet the needs of patients with different needs.