腹膜后肾上腺外副神经节瘤的CT诊断

目的 探讨腹膜后肾上腺外副神经节瘤(PGL)的CT特点.方法 回顾性分析经手术病理证实的腹膜后肾上腺外PGL 11例,并复习相关文献.所有患者均行腹盆部CT平扫及增强扫描.结果 11例肿瘤均发生于腹膜后大血管周围,其中功能性肿瘤2例,非功能性肿瘤9例;良性肿瘤8例,呈圆形或类圆形,边缘光滑,与周围结构分界清晰,3例恶性肿瘤边缘欠光滑,与周围结构分界不清,其中2例肿瘤侵犯、包绕邻近肾动脉、肾静脉及胰腺.CT平扫肿瘤多呈密度不均匀的软组织肿块,瘤内常可见范围大小不等的坏死、囊变区域(9例),部分肿瘤内合并出血(3例)及钙化(2例);2例较小的肿瘤(平均直径<4 cm)密度均匀.增强扫描肿瘤实性成分呈持续性显著增强,8例肿瘤周围或实性成分内可见迂曲增粗的肿瘤血管.结论 腹膜后肾上腺外PGL的CT表现具有一定特征性,增强CT表现结合临床症状有助于术前准确诊断.

CT manifestations of retroperitoneal extra-adrenal paraganglioma

Objective To investigate the CT characteristics of retroperitoneal extra-adrenal paraganglioma(PGL).Methods CT findings of 11 patients with pathologically confirmed retroperitoneal extra-adrenal PGL were analyzed retrospectively,and the relevant literature was reviewed.All patients received plain CT as well as contrast-enhancement CT scan.Results All of the 11 tumors were located in the retroperitoneal space around large blood vessels,including 2 functional and 9 unfunctional extra-adrenal paragangliomas.Eight of 11 cases were benign tumors which presented as round or oval masses with sharp margins,separated from surrounding structures clearly;while the rest 3 cases,which with indistinct edge,even more with the invasion of surrounding structures (renal artery,renal venous and pancreas),were confirmed to be malignant.Most of the tumors were heterogeneous on plain CT.It was common to see intratumoral necrosis or cystic degeneration in the tumors (9 cases),while hemorrhage or calcification was uncommon,which was found in 3 and 2 cases,respectively.Homogeneous intensity was only observed in 2 masses with diameter less than 4 cm.On contrast-enhanced CT image, the solid part of the tumors presented continuously significant enhancement.Dilated feeding artery was found in or around the masses (8 cases) in artery phase.Conclusion There are certain characteristics of retroperitoneal extra-adrenal paraganglioma on CT scanning, which are helpful for preoperative diagnosis and treatment of this disease.