延边地区不同指标肥胖高中生高血压分布特点

目的 分析吉林省延边地区不同指标肥胖汉族青少年高血压患病特点。方法 于2008-2009年在延边地区安图县采用整群抽样方法抽取4所学校高三汉族学生1 785人,于清晨空腹安静状态下测量全部学生身高、体重、腰围(WC)及血压,分别以体质指数(BMI)和腰围作为评价肥胖的指标。结果 在BMI正常、超重和肥胖男生高血压患病率分别为18.5%、39.1%和56.0%,女生分别为6.7%、14.3%和33.3%,不同体重男女生患病率差异有统计学意义(χ_男²=37.8,χ_女²=17.9,均P<0.00);在腰围正常和异常男生中高血压患病率分别为20.8%和32.2%,差异有统计学意义(χ²=5.9,P<0.01);多因素分析结果表明,超重和肥胖学生高血压患病危险性明显升高,其OR值分别为6.008和2.668;BMI和WC均异常组、单纯BMI异常组及单纯WC异常组的高血压患病危险性(OR值)依次为3.586、2.777和0.500。结论 青少年BMI对血压升高的影响可能大于WC,且具有计量反应关系;BMI合并WC明显升高高血压患病危险性。

Prevalence of hypertension in Han adolescents with different indices of obesity in Yanbian area

Objective To analyze the prevalence of hypertension among Han adooescents with different status of obesity in Yanbian area of Jibin province.Methods By cluster random sampling,a total of 1 785 Han adolescents were selected from four high schools in Antu county and height,weight,waist circumference(WC),and blood pressure of the abolescents were measured.The body mass index(BMI) and WC were served as the indices of obesity.Results The detection rate of hypertension in the boys with normal BMI,overweight,and obesity was 18.5%,39.1%,and 56.0%,and that of in the girls was 6.7%,14.3%,and 33.3%,respectively.The prevalence of hypertension was significantly increased along with the increment of BMI(χboy2=37.8,χgirl2=17.9;all P<0.00).The detection rate of hypertension was significantly higher in the boys with abnormal WC(32.2%) than that of in the boys with normal WC(20.8%,P<0.05).Multiple logistic regression analyses showed that the risk of hypertension in the overweight or obesity adolescents was significantly increased,with the odds ratio(OR) values of 6.008 and 2.668.The value of OR was 3.586 in the abolescents with abnormal BMI and abnormal WC,and that was 2.777 in the abolescents with abnormal BMI and normal WC,and 0.500 in the abolescents with abnormal WC.Conclusion The results show that the increased BMI has a stronger effect on the imcrease of blood pressure than WC,and there is a dose-response relationship between hypertension and BMI.Abnormal BMI combined with abnormal WC significantly increases the risk of hypertension.