建筑工地外来务工人员艾滋病健康教育干预效果分析

目的分析比较建筑工地外来务工人员几种常见艾滋病(AIDS)宣传干预措施的效果。方法整群抽取8个建筑工地共560名外来务工人员,分成4个组,1个组为对照组,3个组为干预组。干预组分别采取传统健康教育方式(A组)、互动方式(B组)和老乡带教方式(C组)进行干预,比较各干预组干预前后及组间干预的效果。结果干预后,3个干预组艾滋病一般知识、预防措施相关知识的知晓率均有显著改善,传播途径相关知识中,除共用注射器和母婴传播仅干预C组有显著改善外,其他传播途径3个干预组均有显著改善,相关知识干预总体效果C组>B组>A组。艾滋病相关态度行为3个干预组的总体干预效果不明显,仅共用剃须刀在C组、愿坚持使用安全套预防艾滋病在B组和C组有显著改善,干预效果C组要好于B组和A组,但差异无统计学意义。结论进行流动人口艾滋病宣教干预,老乡带教方式的效果要优于互动方式和传统健康教育方式,在态度行为方面更为明显。

Effectiveness evaluation of AIDS related health education among migrant workers in construction sites

Objective To analyze and compare the effectiveness of several common models of intervention for AIDS related health education among migrant workers in local construction sites.Methods Five hundred and sixty migrant workers from 8 construction sites selected by group sampling were divided into 4 groups: 3 intervention groups and 1 control group.The intervention groups were further divided into traditional education group(A),interactive group(B) and peer(i.e.fellow villagers) education group(C).The effectiveness in the 4 groups was compared.Results Common knowledge and preventive knowledge among the three intervention groups were improved significantly,the knowledge of routes of transmission was improved significantly among the three groups except for needle sharing and MTCT in group C.The overall effectiveness of intervention was :group C > group B > group A.The overall effectiveness of intervention in regards to AIDS related attitude and behavior was not significant in the 3 groups except for sharing razors in group C and persistent use of condoms in groups B and C.The effectiveness of intervention in group C was better than in groups B and A,but the difference was not significant.Conclusion The effectiveness of interventions via peer education was better than that via traditional and interactive models of education,especially in terms of behavior and attitude.