上海口岸出入境人员艾滋病知识、态度和行为调查

〔目的〕了解上海口岸出入境人员艾滋病相关知识认知水平、相关态度、行为和需求。〔方法〕对上海口岸海港、空港、铁路、保健中心等地的出入境人员进行自填式问卷调查,共收取有效问卷2307份。所有数据经SPSS12.0统计分析。〔结果〕出入境人员获取艾滋病防治知识的主要途径是电视、报刊和宣传资料;艾滋病的3个传播途径的知晓率在89.6%以上,艾滋病的其他知识知晓率在60%~90%,艾滋病知识的影响因素是职业和文化程度;艾滋病的正确态度率为58.8%~91.6%;在性伴侣人群中有多个性伴侣或性伴侣不固定的占10%左右;假设发生邂逅性性行为时使用安全套的比例要大大高于实际生活中使用安全套的比例;艾滋病知识影响态度,但对行为影响不明显;国际旅行人员所需艾滋病方面的帮助依次为知识宣传教育,提供免费的病毒检测,提供免费安全套和电话咨询。〔结论〕需要加大艾滋病3大传播途径以外预防知识的宣传力度,重点加强文化程度较低、体力劳动为主的人群的艾滋病宣传教育工作;需要关注多个性伴侣或性伴侣不固定的人群;需要根据相应的行为改变理论采取有效的行为干预措施。

Survey on AIDS Correlations of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice among Entry-exit Personnel at Shanghai Port

Objective To understand the current situation of AIDS knowledge, attitude, behavior and demand among entry-exit personnel at shanghai port. Method Entry-exit personnels at seaport, airport, and railway port in shanghai and receiving medical service in Shanghai International Travel Healthcare Center were investigated by self-completed questionnaire.2 307 questionnaires were collected. All data were analyzed by SPSS12.0. Result The main approaches for entry-exit personnel to acquire AIDS knowledge were TV broadcast, books and magazines, and propaganda on the streets and leaflets. The rate of the right answers on routes of HIV/AIDS transmission was more than 89.6%, the rate of the right answers other on AIDSrelevant knowledge was 60%~90%. The influencing factors of AIDS knowledge were occupation and education background. The rate of correct attitude on AIDS ranged from 58.8% to 91.6%.The people who having morn than 1 sex partners or casual partners occupied 10%. The rate of using condom in supposed encounter sexual intercourse was much higher than in real sexual intercourse. AIDS knowledge influented attitude about AIDS significantly, but it didn't impact AIDS relevant behavior. Entry-exit personnel's demand about AIDS were health education, virus inspection,free condoms, and telephone consultation in turn. Conclusion It need to public preventive knowledge of HIV/AIDS other than three primary trasmission routes, especially need to reinforce health education in low education background and physical labor. More than 1 sex partners and casual sex partners are key crowd,and more comprehensive measures are urgently needeal to prevent and control HIV further transmission.