陇南市2013年-2018年生活饮用水检测结果分析

目的分析陇南市生活饮用水水质现状,找出影响水质不合格的主要因素,并分析产生的原因,针对原因提出改善措施和治理方向,以提高饮用水安全性,降低患水源性疾病的风险。方法依据2013年-2018年的《甘肃省饮用水卫生监测工作方案》,对本市所辖的八县一区采集的4316份生活饮用水水样,按《生活饮用水标准检验方法》(GB/T 5750—2006)进行检测分析。结果本市水质总体的合格率为25.3%,城市生活饮用水合格率大于农村生活饮用水;2013年-2018年水质合格率有逐年上升趋势;在所有检测项目中,不合格的项目主要是总大肠菌群;从取水方式来看,常规处理的水合格率最高,为47.2%,从水源类型来看,深井合格率最高,为41.0%,从消毒方式来看,复合二氧化氯合格率最高,为86.0%。不同水期合格率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),取水方式、水源类型、消毒方式差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论陇南市生活饮用水合格率低,微生物污染严重,且受水源水质、取水方式和消毒方式等的影响,需有效治理水源周边的环境污染,完善供水和水质监测设施,加强对生活饮用水的治理力度,确保饮水安全。

Analysis of detection results of drinking water in Longnan City from 2013 to 2018

Objective To improve the safety of drinking water and reduce the risk of water-borne diseases,this paper analyzed the present situation and the causes for unqualified drinking water in Longnan City,so as to put forward improvement measures and management direction.Methods According to the Working Plan on Drinking Water Sanitation Monitoring in Gansu Province from 2013 to 2018,4316 samples of drinking water collected in nine counties of Longnan City were tested and analyzed in accordance with Standard Test Method for Drinking Water(GB/T 5750—2006).Results The qualified rate of drinking water was 25.3%,and the qualified rate of urban drinking water was higher than that of rural drinking water;the qualification rate increased from 2013 to 2018;among all the testing items,the unqualified ones were mainly the total coliform bacteria group;the water qualified rate of conventional treatment was 47.2%;the qualified rate of deep well from the perspective of water source type was 41.0%;the qualified rate of compound chlorine dioxide from the perspective of disinfection method was 86.0%.There was no statistical significance in different water stages(P>0.05),but there was statistical significance in the difference of water intake mode,water source type and disinfection mode(P<0.05).Conclusion The qualification rate of drinking water which was seriously polluted by microorganisms was low in Longnan City,and the qualification rate was affected by water quality,water intake and disinfection mode.Therefore,it is necessary to effectively control the pollution of surrounding environment,improve water supply and water quality monitoring facilities and strengthen the treatment of drinking water,so as to ensure the safety of drinking water.