睡眠障碍与社区居民骨密度的相关性研究

背景　睡眠是维护和促进身体健康的重要生理活动，占据人类生命近1/3的时间。近年国内外研究发现，睡眠障碍与骨质疏松症的发生有关，睡眠不足或睡眠过多均可造成骨密度降低，增加骨质疏松症的发病风险。因此，探究睡眠质量与骨密度的关系，可能有助于拓宽骨质疏松防治策略制订的思路。目的　探讨城市社区居民睡眠障碍与骨密度的关系。方法　选取2015年9月-2019年4月在西南大学医院健康管理中心完成桡骨远端骨密度检测以及综合健康测评问卷的汉族成年人10 818例。采用双能X线检测法（DXA）测定骨密度，根据T值判定骨量减少、骨质疏松症并计算其检出率。采用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（PSQI）评定睡眠质量。结果　研究对象PSQI评分为（12.9±1.7）分，其中轻度睡眠障碍5 033例（46.53%），中度睡眠障碍4 133例（38.20%），重度睡眠障碍1 652例（15.27%）；骨量减少3 652例（33.76%），骨质疏松症1 604例（14.83%）。随着睡眠障碍程度的加重，无论是男性还是女性，其骨量异常的检出率逐渐上升（男性：χ2趋势=7.236，P<0.010；女性：χ2趋势=8.117，P<0.005）。20~29岁、30~39岁、40~49岁、50~59岁、≥60岁者，无论是男性还是女性，随着睡眠障碍程度加重，骨量异常检出率逐渐上升（男性：χ2趋势=10.268，P=0.001；χ2趋势=7.879，P=0.005；χ2趋势=54.844，P<0.001；χ2趋势=75.715，P<0.001；χ2趋势=105.443，P<0.001；女性：χ2趋势=10.642，P=0.001；χ2趋势=17.585，P<0.001；χ2趋势=208.814，P<0.001；χ2趋势=186.930，P<0.001；χ2趋势=157.582，P<0.001）。结论　随着睡眠障碍程度加重，社区居民骨量流失逐渐严重，改善睡眠质量可能降低骨质疏松症及骨质疏松相关性骨折的群体患病风险。

Relationship between Sleep Disorders and Bone Mineral Density in Urban Community-dwelling Residents

Background　Sleep，taking up nearly one third of the life of human beings，is an extremely important physiological activity to maintain and improve health.Recently，domestic and foreign studies have shown that sleep disturbances are associated with the occurrence of osteoporosis.Getting too little or too much sleep may lead to decreased bone mineral density（BMD） and increased risk of osteoporosis.Therefore，exploring the relationship between sleep quality and BMD may be a help to broaden the ways of thinking about preventive and therapeutic strategies of osteoporosis.Objective　To explore the effects of sleep disorders on BMD in urban community-dwelling residents.Methods　Participants were 10 818 Han adults who measured the BMD at the distal radius using the dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry （DXA） and completed the self-developed General Health Assessment Questionnaire in Health Management Center，Southwest University from September 2015 to April 2019.Osteopenia and osteorosis were determined according to T-score and the detection rates were calculated respectively.The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index（PSQI） was used to measure sleep quality.Results　The average PSQI score for the participants was （12.9±1.7）.5 033 （46.53%） were found with mild sleep disorder，4 133 （38.20%） with moderate sleep disorder，and 1 652 （15.27%） with severe sleep disorder.3 652（33.76%） were detected with osteopenia，and 1 604（14.83%） with osteoporosis.As sleep disorder deteriorated，the detection rates of osteopenia and osteoporosis showed a gradual increase regardless of gender（male:χ2trend=7.236，P<0.010；female:χ2trend=8.117，P<0.005）.Moreover，the detection rates of osteopenia and osteoporosis increased along with sleep disorder deteriorated across age groups 20-29，30-39，40-49，50-59，and ≥60 of both men （χ2trend=10.268，P=0.001；χ2trend=7.879，P=0.005；χ2trend=54.844，P<0.001；χ2trend=75.715，P<0.001；χ2trend=105.443，P<0.001） and women（χ2trend=10.642，P=0.001；χ2trend=17.585，P<0.001；χ2trend=208.814，P<0.001；χ2trend=186.930，P<0.001；χ2trend=157.582，P<0.001）.Conclusion　With escalating severity of sleep disturbances，there is an increased BMD loss in urban community-dwelling residents.Improving sleep quality may help to reduce the prevailing risk of osteoporosis and osteoporosis-related fractures.