江苏省12岁学生龋病与氟牙症患病现状

目的了解江苏省12岁学生龋病及氟牙症的患病现状,为开展学校口腔卫生保健提供参考依据。方法采用多阶段、分层、等容量、随机抽样的方法,抽取江苏省城乡12岁学生792人,男、女各半进行调查。结果12岁年龄组恒牙患龋率和龋均（xDMFT）分别为27.02%和0.47,女性患龋率和xDMFT均显著高于男性（P值均〈0.05）。龋齿充填率为4.61%,其中城市为7.73%,农村仅为0.62%,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。氟牙症患病率为23.39%,氟牙症指数（Fci）为0.33,其中铜山地区最高为1.12,显著高于其他样本地区（P〈0.01）。结论江苏省12岁学生龋病流行状况与全国第2次口腔健康调查（1995）结果相比,患龋率和龋均较低,龋齿的充填率较低;铜山为氟牙症流行地区。应加强口腔预防保健工作和开展学校口腔卫生服务,以提高龋病的治疗率。高氟区应改水除氟。

Prevalence of Dental Caries and Dental Fluorosis Among Students Aged 12 Years in Jiangsu Province

Objective To study the prevalence of dental caries and dental fluorosis among students aged 12 in Jiangsu Province,,which in order to provide reference and guidance for oral health care in schools.Methods The method of multistage,stratified,equal capacity,simple random sampling was used to draw a sample of 792 in both cities and rural areas in Jiangsu,which was consisted of the same number of boys and girls.Results The proportion of dental caries in 12 years old group was 27.02% and permanent teeth DMFT was 0.47.The proportion of dental caries and DMFT in girls were significantly higher than in boys(P<0.05).The average filling rate of dental caries was 4.61%,and the difference between students in cities and students in rural areas was significant(7.73% vs 0.62%,P<0.01).The prevalence of dental fluorosis was 23.39% and Fci was 0.33,and Fci was highest in Tongshan(1.12,P<0.01).Conclusion Compared with the results of the Second National Health Survey in 1995,both the proportions of dental caries and DMFT in 12-year-old students of Jiangsu are lower and the average filling rate is also lower.Dental fluorosis in Tongshan is widely spreading.Therefore,oral health care should be reinforced so as to decrease the proportion of fluoride.