上海市普陀区社区居民艾滋病病毒感染者歧视状况调查

目的了解上海市普陀区社区居民对存活的艾滋病病毒感染者(PLWHA)歧视状况及其影响因素。方法采用二阶段抽样方法选取调查对象,使用自行设计调查问卷面对面进行调查。结果调查596名社区居民,67.6%认为通过性接触和吸毒途径的感染者是罪有应得,54.0%认为感染者应该被隔离管理,82.4%想知道周围谁是感染者,51.8%认为单位招聘体检应强制进行检测,53.7%认为如果家人感染艾滋病会感到羞耻,51.3%不愿意感染者接近自己的家人。文化程度为大专及以上和艾滋病知识得分高者歧视程度显著低于高中及以下文化程度和艾滋病知识得分低者。结论社区居民普遍存在对PLWHA的歧视,文化程度低和艾滋病知识少者对PLWHA歧视程度高,减少歧视仍需加强艾滋病知识的宣传。

Discrimination to people living with HIV/AIDS among community residents in Putuo district,Shanghai

Objective To understand the level of discrimination to the people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) among community residents in Putuo district, Shanghai. Methods A face to face anonymous questionnaire survey was conducted among the community residents selected by two-stage sampling in Putuo. Results A total of 596 community residents were interviewed in this survey. Among them, 67.6% agreed that it is the punishment for the people infected with HIV through sexual contact or injecting drug use, 54.0% believed that they should be under quarantine, 82.4% wanted to know who is HIV infected around, 51.8% supported the compulsory HIV screening in pre-employment physical examination, 53.7% said that they would be ashamed to have family members infected with HIV and 51.3% didn't want HIV infected person to contact their family members. The residents with low education levels or with low awareness of AIDS related knowledge were more likely to show discrimination to PLWHA. Conclusion Discrimination to PLWHA is common among community residents in Putuo, especially among those with low education level and low awareness of HIV related knowledge. It is necessary to strengthen the health education about AIDS to reduce the discrimination to PLWHA.