妊娠期糖尿病孕妇孕前体质量指数对分娩方式和新生儿体质量的影响

目的探讨妊娠期糖尿病(gestational diabetes mellitus,GDM)孕妇孕前体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)对分娩方式和新生儿体质量的影响,为孕妇体质量管理提供参考依据。方法选取2011年7月至2013年12月在南京市妇幼保健院进行产前检查、分娩的GDM孕妇215例,根据孕妇孕前BMI不同,分为过低组、正常组、超重和肥胖组,分析GDM孕妇孕前不同BMI对分娩方式和新生儿体质量的影响。结果超重和肥胖组剖宫产率为82.76%、巨大儿为17.24%,高于正常组和过低组(P0.05);超重和肥胖组低体重儿发生率与正常组和过低组比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论孕前孕妇BMI对GDM孕妇围产结局有一定的影响,GDM孕妇孕前超重和肥胖者剖宫产率和巨大儿增多,应给予合理有效的干预措施,控制BMI在正常范围,以降低不良妊娠结局的发生。

The influence of body mass index of pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus on the delivery modes and neonatal weight

Objective To explore the influence of body mass index（ BMI）of pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus （ GDM ） on the delivery modes and neonatal weight, to provide reference to body quality management for pregnant women. Methods 215 cases with GDM conducted antenatal examination and delivery in Nanjing Maternal and Child Health Hospital during July 2011 to December 2013 were selected,who were divided into low weight group,normal weight group,overweight group and obese group based on pre - pregnancy BMI. The influence of BMI of pregnant women with GDM on the mode of delivery and neonatal weight were analyzed. Results The cesarean delivery rate of overweight group and obese group was 82. 76%,incidence of macrosomia was 17. 24%, which were higher than normal weight group and the low weight group（P〈0. 05）. There was no significant difference in incidence of low birth weight between groups（ P〉0. 05）. Conclusion The BMI has an influence on the perinatal outcomes of pregnant women with GDM,overweight and obese pregnant women with GDM prone to have higher cesarean section rate and incidence of macrosomia,effective interventions should be given to strictly control BMI of pregnant women with GDM,in order to reduce poor perinatal outcomes.