我国贫困地区县域内健康扶贫工作进展与政策建议

通过健康扶贫政策梳理、定量分析卫生健康统计数据和典型案例分析,研究我国县域内健康扶贫工作的进展、成效及问题,提出后脱贫期县域内医疗卫生服务改革与发展的建议。整体上看,我国健康扶贫工作成效显著:医疗卫生机构"三个一"和医疗服务能力"三条线"目标基本实现;卫生技术人员配置基本达到"三个一"要求;贫困县床位和设备配置达到或接近全国平均水平;通过新建临床专科、开展新技术和新项目等,贫困县专科服务能力得到提升;此外,部分贫困地区积极探索县域内医疗卫生综合改革。今后,新脱贫地区面临的主要挑战是县域内卫生服务体系建设仍需加强,基层卫生人才队伍差距和财政投入与卫生改革协同不足三大主要问题。建议中央财政继续支持县域内卫生服务体系建设;以人才建设为抓手,提升县域内医疗服务能力;强化保障措施,推进县域内医疗卫生综合改革。

Progress and Policy Recommendations on Poverty Alleviation through Healthcare in the National-Level Poor Counties of China

Through quantitative and qualitative analysis on health statistical data and typical cases of poverty alleviation through healthcare,it analyzes the progress,performance and problems of poverty alleviation through healthcare in low-income counties of China,and put forward policy recommendations for health reform and development.In general,the performance on poverty alleviation through healthcare in the national-level low-income counties is significant.Health care facilities,health staff and service capacities have reached the goal set for low-income counties;the quantity of sick-beds and equipment has reached to the national average level;service delivery on medical specialties has been improved through projects;and the comprehensive healthcare reform in the low-income counties has been deepened in typical counties.After 2020,the main challenges for the low-income regions are further-strengthening healthcare system,shortages of healthcare professionals and the weak financial capacity of local government.It is recommended that the central government should continue to provide financial investment for healthcare system strengthening of low-income areas,improve healthcare capacity through talent team construction and improvement,and strengthen financial support on healthcare reform within the counties.