种植义齿生物学并发症危险因素的回顾性分析

目的 ：分析引起种植固定义齿修复后生物学并发症的危险因素。方法 ：对2012年3月—2016年3月植入的725颗种植体随访5～9年，分别于修复完成3个月～1年、2～3年、4～5年、6～7年、8～9年测量种植体周黏膜指数（implant mucosal index, IMI）和种植体边缘骨丧失（implant marginal bone loss, MBL），确定种植体周黏膜炎和种植体周炎的数量，统计种植修复后种植体周黏膜炎和种植体周炎发生率及其危险因素。采用SPSS 28.0软件包对数据进行统计学分析。结果：种植体5年存留率为98.7%。种植修复后8～9年的种植体周黏膜炎和种植体周炎发生率分别为37.5%和8.3%。吸烟、牙周炎、小直径种植体、非光滑颈部种植体、前牙区种植位点、种植体颈部骨增量等因素引起较高的种植体生物学并发症（P<0.05）。结论：种植义齿修复后生物学并发症的危险因素有吸烟、牙周炎、种植体直径、种植体颈部形态、种植位点、种植体颈部骨增量等。

A retrospective cohort study of risk factors for prevalence of implant biological complications

PURPOSE: To analyze the risk factors of biological complications after implant-fixed denture restoration. METHODS: Seven hundred and twenty-five implants were placed between March 2012 and March 2016. Follow-up period was 5 to 9 years. The implant mucosal index (IMI) and implant marginal bone loss (MBL) were measured at 3 months-1 year, 2-3 years, 4-5 years, 6-7 years and 8-9 years after restoration. The prevalence and risk factors of peri-implantitis and mucositis were analyzed. SPSS 28.0 software package was used to analyze the date. RESULTS: The implant survival rate of 5 years was 98.7%. The prevalence of mucositis and peri-implantitis were 37.5% and 8.3% at 8 to 9 years. Smoking, periodontitis, narrow diameter, rough neck , anterior location, bone augmentation caused higher prevalence of peri-implantitis or mucositis (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Smoking, periodontitis, implant diameter, implant design, implant location and bone augmentation are the risk factors of implant biological complications.