社交体育活动对初中生抑郁的影响

目的研究成都市初中生社交体育活动的开展情况及其对抑郁的影响,为减少初中生抑郁提供建议和策略。方法采用分层整群随机抽样法,于2019年9-12月抽取成都市8所中学的3 623名初中生为研究对象,采用自编问卷进行调查。利用Z检验、χ2检验和二分类Logistic回归探索初中生抑郁的影响因素。结果初中生抑郁症状的检出率为45.60%。57.34%的学生表示喜欢社交体育项目,65.87%的初中生在调查前一周参加了学校开展的社交体育项目,42.25%的学生参与社交体育活动时间<30 min,22. 24%活动超过45 min;20. 16%的学生表示运动后无感觉,微微出汗占31.88%。女生的社交体育项目参与度高于男生,女生运动后感受更强,差异均有统计学意义(χ2/Z值分别为6.28,-2.67,P值均<0.05)。Logistic回归结果表明,对于男生,高年级、母亲文化程度低、家庭经济状况差、非独生子女、单独锻炼与抑郁症状检出率呈正向关联,喜欢社交体育与抑郁症状检出呈负向关联(OR值分别为1.26,1.91,1.52,2.56,1.58,1.71,0.77,P值均<0.05);对于女生,高年级、父亲文化程度低、非独生子女与抑郁症状检出率呈正向关联,喜欢社交体育与抑郁症状检出率呈负向关联(OR值分别为1.29,1.74,1.37,1.47,0.66,P值均<0.05)。结论喜欢社交体育有利于减少初中生抑郁症状,建议社交体育的开展作为课外体育活动的首选。

Impact of social sports activities on depression among junior middle school students

Objective To investigate the situation of social sports activities and the relationship with depression among junior middle school students, to provide evidence for depression intervention. Methods A total of 3 623 students from eight middle schools in Chengdu were recruited and surveyed by self-made questionnaire during Sept. to Dec. 2019 Z test, Chi-Square test and Logistic regression analysis were applied to explore influence factors. Results The prevalence of depression symptoms was 45.60%.57.34% of the students liked social sports activities, 65.87% of them participated in social sports activities during the past week,42.25% took less than 30 minutes on exercise while 22.24% took over 45 minutes. Among the students, 20.16% of them had no special feeling after social sports activities, while 31.88% felt sweat. Uni-variate analysis indicated that compared with boys, girls participated more frequently and got stronger feeling than boys( χ2/Z = 6.28,-2.67,P<0.05). Regression results indicated that for boys, high grade,low education degree of mother, low household socio-economic status, not the only-child,exercise alone would significantly increase the risk of depression, while liking social sports activities was protective factor( OR = 1.26,1.91,1.52,2.56,1.58,1.71,0.77,P<0.05). For girls, high grade,low education degree of father, without one-child would significantly increase the risk of depression, while like social sports activities was protective factor( OR = 1.29,1.74,1.37,1.47,0.66,P< 0.05). Conclusion Social sports activities could reduce depression symptoms, which can be considered as first choice as after-class activity among junior middle school students.