Effect of iron on enamel demineralization and remineralization in vitro |
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| Authors: | Alves Karina Mirela Ribeiro Pinto Franco Karina Simões Sassaki Kikue Takebayashi Buzalaf Marília Afonso Rabelo Delbem Alberto Carlos Botazzo |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Faculdade de Odontologia, UNESP – Univ. Estadual Paulista, Departamento de Odontologia Infantil e Social, R. José Bonifácio 1193, CEP 16015-050 Araçatuba, SP, Brazil;2. Faculdade de Odontologia, UNESP – Univ. Estadual Paulista, Departamento de Ciências Básicas, R. José Bonifácio 1193, CEP 16015-050 Araçatuba, SP, Brazil;3. Department of Biological Sciences (Biochemistry), Bauru Dental School, University of São Paulo, Al. Octávio Pinheiro Brizolla, 9-77 Bauru, SP 17012-901, Brazil;1. The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People''s Republic of China;2. Department of Prosthodontics, Stomatological Hospital, College of Medicine, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China;1. State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China;2. Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Oral Health and Development Sciences, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan;3. Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA;1. Cariology and Operative Dentistry Department, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan;2. Research Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan;3. Cariology and Operative Dentistry Department, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan;4. Endowed Department of International Oral Health Science, Tsurumi University, 2-1-3, Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Kanagawa 230-0063, Japan;5. University of Hong Kong, Faculty of Dentistry, Hong Kong, China;1. University of Louisville, United States;2. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, United States;1. Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Department of Oral Biology, 9-75 Al. Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla, Bauru, SP 17012-901, Brazil;2. University of Sagrado Coração, Department of Dentistry, 10-50 Irmã Arminda ST, Bauru, SP 17011-160, Brazil;3. Institute of Dentistry, University of Oulu, and Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, PO Box 5281, 90014 Oulu, Finland |
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| Abstract: | ![]()
ObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of ferrous sulphate on enamel demineralization and remineralization, using pH-cycling models.DesignFifty blocks were selected by their initial surface hardness and subjected to a pH-cycling demineralization process. Artificially demineralized lesions were produced in 60 blocks; out of these blocks, the surface hardness of 50 blocks and the cross-sectional hardness of 10 blocks were determined. The 50 blocks were then subjected to a remineralization pH-cycling process. Treatments were carried out using ferrous sulphate solutions of different concentrations (0.333, 0.840, 18.0, and 70.0 μg Fe/mL) and a control group (deionized water). The final surface hardness (SH2) was determined, and the integrated subsurface hardness (ΔKHN) was calculated. The enamel blocks were analysed for fluoride, calcium, phosphorus, and iron. The obtained data were distributed heterogeneously and were analysed using the Kruskal–Wallis test (p < 0.05).ResultsIn demineralization pH cycling, the group treated with the 18.0 μg Fe/mL solution had higher secondary surface hardness and lower integrated subsurface hardness (ΔKHN) than the other groups. In remineralization pH cycling, the control group showed the lowest value of ΔKHN. A decline in Ca and P concentration was observed when the Fe concentration increased (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the F concentration (p > 0.05) and an increase in Fe concentration (p < 0.05) in the enamel was observed when the Fe concentration increased in both the demineralization and remineralization experiments.ConclusionThe results suggest that iron reduces demineralization but does not allow remineralization to occur. |
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