轴向动力型外固定器在胫骨Pilon骨折治疗中的应用

目的回顾分析运用轴向动力型外固定器和改良穿针技术治疗严重胫骨Pilon骨折的效果。方法研究分析2000年7月至2003年2月间14例严重Pilon骨折(Rtiedi-Allgtiwer Ⅱ型和Ⅲ型)患者,年龄20-52岁(平均38岁),采用有限内固定结合轴向动力型外固定器治疗,远端外固定针置入技术经过改良,2枚外固定针分别置入距骨和跟骨,使外固定器远端夹具旋转轴线与胫距关节旋转轴线重合。结果随访5—36个月(平均18个月),骨折愈合时间12-24周(平均14周)。最后一次随访时,ASS评分优5例,良6例,可3例。无切口裂开、皮缘坏死、表浅及深部感染、骨髓炎,无骨折移位及关节面塌陷;仅有1例近端外固定针道感染,经清创及口服抗生素治疗好转。结论经过改良的轴向动力型外固定器技术结合有限内固定是治疗严重胫骨Pilon骨折的有效方法。

The use of dynamic axial external fixator with modified technique in Pilon fractures of tibial

OBJECTIVE: To retrospectively analyses the results of dynamic axial external fixator with modified technique in the treatment of severely Pilon fractures. METHODS: From July 2000 to February 2003, 14 patients with severely Pilon fractures were treated with dynamic axial external fixator inserted with modified technique combined with limited open reduction and internal fixation with screws and Kirschner wires, with two distal external pins inserted into talus and calcaneus respectively so that the rotation axis of distal clamp was coincided with that of ankle joint. All patients were young or middle-aged people from 20 y to 52 y (average 38 y). All fractures were Rüedi-Allg were type II or type III. External fixators were removed after bone healing. Duration of follow-up was 5 - 36 m (average 18 m). RESULTS: The time of bone healing was 12 - 24 weeks (average 14 weeks). At the latest follow-up, results include 5 excellent, 6 good and 3 fair according to ankle scoring system (ASS). There was only one case of superficial pin site infection settled with oral antibiotics and pin site care with mild disinfectants. There was no wound breakdown, superficial and deep infection, osteomyelitis, fracture fragments redisplacement and collapse. CONCLUSION: Dynamic axial external fixator with modified technique combined with limited internal fixation is an effective method for the treatment of severely Pilon fractures.