寰椎定量解剖研究及仿生寰椎前弓钢板的研制

目的：观察和测量国人寰椎以获取形态学参数，为研制仿生寰椎前弓钢板提供解剖数据。方法：用电子游标卡尺和量角器测量48套正常成年人寰椎新鲜标本的相关参数，包括寰椎前弓宽度（AW）、寰椎前弓与侧块相连处厚度（AD）、寰椎前结节厚度（AT）和高度（AH）、寰椎侧块中点高度（MHL）和长度（L）、寰椎侧块宽度（LW）、寰椎侧块外倾角（α°）等内容，并进行统计学分析，为设计仿生寰椎前弓钢板提供形态学参数范围。结果：测得AW（20．68±1．38）mm，AD为（3．86±1．42）mm，AT和AH分别为（8．65±1．88）mm和（10．36±1．49）mm，MHL和LW分别为（12．82±1．76）mm和（12．86±1．63）mm，寰椎侧块外倾角（α°）平均为（13．84±1，73）°。仿生寰椎前弓钢板由两侧的寰椎侧块固定板和中间前弓连接板构成。结论：仿生寰椎前弓钢板的研制在形态学上具有可行性。仿生寰椎前弓钢板的研制是既能重建因寰椎疾患导致上颈椎不稳，又不干扰寰枢关节旋转功能的脊柱非融合性技术。

Quantitative anatomic study on atlas and designation of bionic plating of anterior arch of atlas

Objective ：To observe and measure specimen of Chinese atlas to obtain morphological parameter, providing anatomic data for designing bionic plating of anterior arch of atlas. Methods： The anatomic parameters of 48 sets of fresh Chinese adults＇ atlas specimens were measured with a electric digital caliper and a goniometer, including width of anterior arch of atlas （AW）, thickness of atlas at the junction of anterior arch and lateral mass （AD）, thickness and height of anterior tubercle of atlas （AT and AH）, middle height, length and width of the lateral mass （MHL, L and LW）, the extraversion angle of lateral mass of atlas （±）and so on. The data were statistically analyzed in order to ascertain the range of morphological parameter of bionic plating of anterior arch of atlas. Results：The measurement results showed that AW was （20.68± 1.38 ） mm, AD was （3.86± 1.42） ram,AT was （8.65±1.88） mm,AH was （10.36±1.49） mm,MHL was （12.82±1.76） mm,LW was （12.86±.63） mm,the extraversion angle of lateral mass of atlas （α° ）was （13.84±1.73）°. The plating was composed of connecting plate of anterior arch of atlas and fixing plate of atlas lateral mass in bilateral. Conclusion：The designation of bionic plating of anterior arch of atlas is feasible on morphology. The bionic plating of anterior arch of atlas can not only rebuild the stability of atlas, but also reserve the rotation function between atlas and axis. The plating could be used for patient suffering from instability of upper cervical because of atlas affection.