睡眠呼吸紊乱成人患者健康相关危险因素调查

目的 探讨成人睡眠呼吸紊乱（sleep breathing disorder，SBD）患者健康相关危险因素，为此类患者的健康管理提供科学依据。方法 对3 000例18岁以上SDB患者进行问卷调查，收集身高、体质量及饮食运动等信息，采用多元逐步Logistic回归分析，探讨该类人群中健康相关危险因素。结果 发放调查问卷3 000份，回收有效问卷2 596份，有效应答率为86.5%。成人SBD患者缺乏体育运动、肥胖、吸烟、饮酒、高盐高脂饮食的比例较高。多因素Logistic回归分析表明，SDB患者在缺乏体育运动的同时，存在吸烟和高盐高脂饮食的相关问题，男性、年龄和高学历是保护因素（P<0.05）；肥胖的相关影响因素分别为：男性、年龄、饮酒和高盐高脂饮食，高学历是保护因素（P<0.05）；饮酒的相关影响因素分别为：男性、年龄、肥胖、吸烟和高盐高脂饮食（P<0.05）；高盐高脂饮食的同时，SDB患者同时存在肥胖、吸烟、饮酒和缺乏体育运动的问题，高学历是保护因素（P<0.05）。结论 应针对成人SBD患者的生活习惯，开展相应的健康教育和行为干预，积极探索该类人群健康管理的卫生模式。

Research of health-related dangerous factors in adult patients of sleep breath disorder

Objective To investigate health-related behavior and its affecting factors in adult patients with sleep breath disorder（ SBD） and provide dangerous evidence for health management services. Methods 2 596 patients aged above18 years in clinic were invited to our research from May 20011 to Dec 2013. Questionnaire included height,body weight,diet,physical exercise and health-related behavior factors. Multivariate stepwise logistic regression was used for statistics analysis. Results The effective responding rate was 86. 5%. In adult patients with sleep breath disorder,the incidence of lack of physical exercise,obesity,smoking,drinking and diet high in salt and fat was in high proportion.In multivariate Logistic regression analysis,risk factors in lack of physical exercise were smoking and diet high in salt and fat,its protective factors were female,age and higher educational level（ P〈0. 05）. Risk factors of obesity were male,age,alcohol drinking and over-intake of salt and fat,and its protective factor was higher educational level（ P〈0. 05）. Risk factors of cigarette smoking were male,age,alcohol drinking,lack of physical exercise and over-intake of salt and fat,and its protective factors was higher educational level（ P〈0. 05）. Risk factors of alcohol drinking were male,age,overweight and obesity,smoking,and diet high of salt and fat（ P〈0. 05）. Risk factors of over-intake of salt and fat were obesity,smoking,drinking and lack of physical exercise,and its protective factor was higher educational level（ P〈0. 05）. Conclusion Health education and behavioral intervention should be offered to adult patients with sleep breath disorder.