母子交流时间对婴幼儿认知发育影响的研究

目的 探讨母子交流时间对婴幼儿认知发育影响,为科学育儿提供科学依据。方法 选择江苏省淮安市城区和乡镇医院各一个点作为项目点,随机抽取2~30个月婴幼儿共140名。家长填写儿童个人及家庭社会环境问卷,专业人员采用《贝莉婴幼儿发育量表》对儿童进行认知发育评估。结果 入组儿童平均年龄(12.52±7.78)月龄;男童占52.9%;城区婴幼儿占74.6%;智力发育指数(mental development index,MDI)为104.16±13.036,运动发育指数(psychomotor development index,PDI)为 103.34±11.431。城市与乡镇婴幼儿的MDI无统计学差异(103.27±13.81 vs 106.20±9.95,F=3.36,P=0.250),城市婴幼儿PDI为101.92±12.01,显著低于乡镇婴幼儿PDI 106.51±8.09(F=7.31,P=0.013)。父亲文化程度不同,儿童的MDI存在差异(F=2.71,P=0.047)。城乡差异、父母文化程度和家庭结构等因素对母子交流的影响无统计学差异。母子交流时间越多,婴幼儿智力发育指数越高(F=3.28,P=0.023),且多元线性回归显示控制儿童年龄、性别、父亲文化程度等相关因素后,母子交流仍是婴幼儿MDI的独立影响因素。结论 母子交流时间对婴幼儿认知发育尤其是智力发育指数有显著的促进作用。

Effects of maternal-child communication time on cognitive development in infants and toddlers

Objective To explore the effects of maternal-child communication time on cognitive development in infants and toddlers. Methods One urban hospital as well as one rural hospital in Jiangsu provinces were randomly selected.A total of 140 infants and toddlers aged 2~30 months were recruited.Parents were asked to fill out the Shanghai Children's Medical Center Socio-Demographic Questionnaire (SCMC-SDQ).The Bayley Scales of Infant Development I (BSID-I) was conducted to each participated child. Results The mean age of infants was (12.52±7.94) months,boys accounted for 52.9% (74/140),urban infants accounted for 74.6% (103/140).The mean MDI and PDI score were 104.16±13.036 and 103.34±11.431 respectively.There was no statistic difference of MDI between urban and rural children (103.27±13.81 vs 106.20±9.95,F=3.36,P=0.250).The mean PDI score of urban and rural children were 101.92±12.01 and 106.51±8.09 respectively,urban's were lower than rural's (F=7.31,P=0.013).There was association between father's education level and children's MDI score.Location,parent's education level and family structure were not related to maternal-child communication time.More maternal-child communication time,the MDI score was more high (F=3.28,P=0.023),and even after control the factors of child age,sex and father's education in the model of multiple linear regression,it was also the main factor. Conclusion Maternal-child communication time are significantly related with cognitive development in infants and toddlers.