手助腹腔镜脾切除联合门奇静脉断流术

目的 探讨手助腹腔镜脾切除联合门奇静脉断流术的可行性. 方法 肝硬化并食管胃底静脉曲张破裂出血及脾功能亢进12例,在手助腹腔镜下采用超声刀分离脾周韧带,Endo-Cutter切断脾蒂,袋装取出;按开腹手术的要求分离切断胃底、食管下段6～8 cm范围内所有曲张血管. 结果 10 例顺利完成手助腹腔镜脾切除联合门奇静脉断流术,2 例因术中大出血中转开腹手术.10例成功者手术时间2.5～5 h,平均3.4 h,术中出血量100～500 ml,平均250 ml.1例因术后腹腔内出血开腹手术止血,其余病人无其他并发症.10例随访0.5～2年,平均1.5年,4例死于肝功能衰竭,6例1年左右再次出现上消化道出血,6例于1年左右出现上消化道出血,均为小量出血,胃镜检查显示出血原因3例为门脉高压性胃病,1例为胃溃疡,2例食管曲张静脉破裂,均经内科保守治疗缓解. 结论 手助腹腔镜脾切除联合门奇静脉断流术切实可行.

Hand-assisted laparoscopic splenectomy and azygos-portal disconnection

Objective To explore the feasibility of hand-assisted laparoscopic splenectomy and azygos-portal disconnection. Methods Hand-assisted laparoscopy was performed in 12 patients with hypersplenia secondary to post-hepatitic hepatocirrhosis and a history of rupture and bleeding of esophago-gastric varicose vein.An ultrasound knife was used to dissect the ligaments of the spleen.The Endo-Cutter was used to cut off the pedicle of the spleen.Then the spleen was removed in a plastic bag.All of the varicose vessels around the fundus and the lower segment of the esophagus(6~8 cm in length) were dissected and disconnected according to the criteria of open surgery.Results The operation was successfully completed in 10 patients,while conversions to open surgery were required in 2 patients because of massive hemorrhage during the operation.The operating time was 2.5~5 h(mean,3.4 h) and the hemorrhagic volume was 100~500 ml(mean,250 ml).Postoperatively,1 patient experienced an intraperitoneal hemorrhage and received open surgery for hemostasis while the remaining patients had an uneventful recovery without complications.A total of 10 patients were followed for 0.5~2 years(mean,1.5 years).Four patients died of liver failure.Six patients presented small volumes of relapsed upper gastrointestinal bleeding around 1 year after operation.Gastroscopy showed portal hypertensive gastropathy in 3 patients,gastric ulcer in 1 patient,and ruptured varicose esophageal veins in 2 patients.All the 6 patients were cured by conservative medical treatment.Conclusions Hand-assisted laparoscopic splenectomy and azygos-portal disconnection is a feasible,effective,and safe surgical procedure.