Human Cell Organelles in SARS-CoV-2 Infection: An Up-to-Date Overview |
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| Authors: | Anna Gorą cy,Jakub Rosik,Bartosz Szostak,Ł ukasz Ustianowski,Klaudia Ustianowska,Jarosł aw Gorą cy |
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| Affiliation: | 1.Independent Laboratory of Invasive Cardiology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland; (A.G.); (J.G.);2.Department of Clinical and Molecular Biochemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland;3.Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland; (B.S.); (Ł.U.); (K.U.);4.Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA |
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| Abstract: | ![]()
Since the end of 2019, the whole world has been struggling with the life-threatening pandemic amongst all age groups and geographic areas caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2). The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, which has led to more than 468 million cases and over 6 million deaths reported worldwide (as of 20 March 2022), is one of the greatest threats to human health in history. Meanwhile, the lack of specific and irresistible treatment modalities provoked concentrated efforts in scientists around the world. Various mechanisms of cell entry and cellular dysfunction were initially proclaimed. Especially, mitochondria and cell membrane are crucial for the course of infection. The SARS-CoV-2 invasion depends on angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2), and cluster of differentiation 147 (CD147), expressed on host cells. Moreover, in this narrative review, we aim to discuss other cell organelles targeted by SARS-CoV-2. Lastly, we briefly summarize the studies on various drugs. |
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| Keywords: | COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 ACE2 TMPRSS2 mitophagy autophagy |
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