2015 - 2017年武汉市农村生活饮用水水质监测分析

目的 了解影响武汉市农村生活饮用水水质的因素，为进一步改善农村水质状况提供参考依据。方法 对2015 - 2017年武汉市的农村生活饮用水水质监测点分别进行枯水期和丰水期水样的采集与检测。结果 2015 - 2017年共监测水样679份，合格506份，合格率为74.52%，枯水期71.17%，丰水期77.75%，出厂水76.19%，末梢水73.77%。3年水质合格率差异存在统计学意义（P＜0.05），不同年度的枯水期和丰水期以及末梢水和出厂水水质合格率差异均无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。毒理指标与感官性状和一般化学指标合格率较高，分别为99.41%和95.58%，消毒剂指标和微生物指标合格率较低，分别为83.30%和89.10%。结论 武汉市农村生活饮用水总体水质情况相对良好，存在的主要问题是消毒不达标和微生物污染，应加强农村饮用水消毒培训与监管。

Analysis of rural drinking water quality in Wuhan between 2015 and 2017

Objective To find out the factors affecting the quality of drinking water in rural areas in Wuhan and to provide a reference for improving the water quality. Methods From 2015 to 2017,the water quality monitoring points of rural drinking water in Wuhan city were collected and tested for water samples in the dry and wet season respectively. Results A total of 679 samples of rural drinking water were detected and 506 samples were qualified(74.52%). The qualified rates of dry seasons, wet seasons, the factory water and terminal water were 71.17%, 77.75%, 76.19% and 73.77%, respectively. The difference of water qualified rates in 3 years was statistically significant(P<0.05). There was no significant differences in the qualified rate of water quality in different seasons and water types in different years(P＞0.05). The qualified rates of toxicological indexes, sensory traits and general chemical indexes, disinfectant indexes and microbial indexes were 99.41%,95.58%, 83.30% and 89.10%, respectively. Conclusion The overall quality of rural drinking water in Wuhan city was relatively good. And the main sanitation problems of rural drinking water in Wuhan were the substandard disinfection and microbial contamination. Training and supervision of rural drinking water disinfection should be strengthened．