2012-2016年温州市50岁及以上艾滋病病毒感染者/艾滋病患者流行特征分析

目的 了解2012-2016年温州市50岁及以上HIV/AIDS病例流行特征,为制定针对老年人群艾滋病防控措施提供科学依据。方法 通过艾滋病综合防治信息系统收集2012-2016年温州市50岁及以上HIV/AIDS病例资料,对病例人口学特征、传播途径、发现途径、首次CD4检测等进行分析。结果 温州市2012-2016年新报告50岁及以上HIV/AIDS病例736例,占总报告数的25.85%,老年病例构成比呈现逐年上升趋势(χ2=6.000,P=0.014)。本市户籍占87.64%,男女性别比为3.57∶1,确诊时平均年龄为(62.94±9.66)岁,主要分布在50～59岁年龄组,占43.34%,已婚有配偶占66.71%,文化程度小学及以下占65.76%,农民占34.38%,医疗机构检测发现占73.23%。异性传播为主,占85.33%,男性、女性异性传播分别占81.74%、98.14%,两者差异有统计学意义(χ2=30.285,P<0.001)。异性传播中通过非婚异性性接触感染占84.24%,男性、女性非婚异性性接触感染分别为94.04%、55.06%,两者差异有统计学意义(χ2=135.298,P<0.001)。HIV感染时间在3年以内和8年及以上分别占39.45%、15.75%。结论 温州市50岁及以上老年人艾滋病疫情发展较快,已成为艾滋病防控重点对象,亟需根据该人群艾滋病流行因素采取综合措施。

Epidemiological characteristics of HIV/AIDS patients aged 50 and above in Wenzhou,2012-2016

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of HIV/AIDS cases aged 50 years old and above in Wenzhou City from 2012 to 2016,so as to provide the scientific basis for AIDS prevention and control measures of the elderly population. Methods Data of HIV/AIDS over 50 years old in Wenzhou City from 2012 to 2016 were collected through the National Information System for Comprehensive AIDS Prevention and Control.Related information of demographic characteristics,transmission route,discovery route and the first CD4 test were analyzed. Results The number of reported HIV/AIDS cases aged 50 and above was 736 in Wenzhou City from 2012 to 2016,accounting for 25.85% of the total.The proportion of the elderly cases was increasing year by year(χ2=6.000,P=0.014).Up to 87.64% of the cases were household registration people,and the sex ratio of men and women was 3.57〖DK〗∶1.The average age was(62.94±9.66)years old accounting for 43.34% which were mainly distributed from 50 to 59 years old.66.71% of the target cases were the elderly married with spouses,and cases with the education level of primary school and below accounted for 65.76%,and farmers accounted for 34.38%.Up to 73.23% of the cases were detected in medical institutions.Heterosexual transmission was the main route of transmission,accounting for 85.33%.Male and female heterosexual transmission accounted for 81.74% and 98.14%,respectively,and the difference was statistically significant(χ2=30.285,P<0.001).84.24% of the elderly cases with heterosexual transmission were reported as having histories of extramarital sexual intercourse.94.04% of the male cases and 55.06% of the female cases were reported as having the same experiences mentioned above,and the difference was statistically significant(χ2=135.298,P<0.001).The proportion of cases within 3 years and more than 8 years from infection to diagnosis among the elderly cases accounted for 39.45% and 15.75%,respectively. Conclusion With the rapid spread of HIV/AIDS epidemic in people aged 50 and above,the elderly has become the key target of AIDS prevention and control.It is urgent to adopt comprehensive measures according to the AIDS epidemic factors of this population.