上海市长宁区足月低出生体重儿危险因素的病例-对照研究

目的]探讨上海市长宁区足月低出生体重儿发生的可能危险因素。方法]对2006年1月1日至2006年12月31日在上海市长宁区妇幼保健院出生的体重〈2500g，孕周≥37周的单胎足月低出生体重儿和体重≥2500g，孕周≥37周的单胎正常对照组婴儿进行病例-对照研究，在问卷调查的基础上，采用二项式Logistic回归对足月低出生体重儿的影响因素进行分析。结果]本研究共收集到低出生体重儿88例，正常新生儿113例。低出生体重儿的平均体重为（2285．75±220．00）g，平均身长为（45．33±2．42）cm。正常新生儿的平均体重为（3346．65±421．78）g，平均身长为（48．81±1．45）cm。单因素Logistic回归分析显示，脐带异常、痛经史、既往疾病史、妊娠并发症、饮水情况和孕期感冒均与低出生体重儿的发生相关。经多因素Logistic校正后，发现低出生体重儿发生的影响因素是脐带异常、痛经史和饮用煮沸的河水江水井水（P〈0．05）。结论]脐带异常、痛经史和饮用煮沸的河水江水井水可能是低出生体重儿的影响因素。

Risk Factors of Low Birth Weight Infants:A Case-control Study in Shanghai

Objective ] To study the risk factors of the term low birth weight infants in Changning District of Shanghai. Methods ] 88 term low birth weight single birth newborns, whose birth weight were less than 2500g and gestational weeks were more than 37 weeks, were taken as the case group. And 113 normal single birth infants, whose birth weight were more than 2500g and gestatinnal weeks were more than 37 weeks, were taken as the control group. The case group and control group all born in Health Care Center for Maternal and Children of Changning District between Jan. 1% 2006 and Dec. 31% 2006 were investigated based on questionnaire. A binomial Logistic regression was used to analyze the related factors of birth weight. Results ] The mean birth weight and the birth length of the ease group were （ 2 285.75 ± 220.00 ） g and （ 45.33 ±2.42 ） cm, respectively, whereas those of the control group were （ 3 346.65 ±421.78 ） g and（ 48.81 ±1.45 ） cm, respectively. Factors such as abnormality of umbilical stalk, a history of dysmenorrhea, a history of previous illnesses, pregnancy complications, drinking of boiled well water or river water and caught cold during pregnancy were associated with low birth weight after single factor Logistic regression analysis. However, after the multifactor Logistic regression analysis, abnormality of umbilical stalk, a history of dysmenorrhea, and drinking of boiled well water or river water were significantly related to term low birth weight infants（ P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion ] Abnormality of umbilical stalk, a history of dysmenorrhea, and drinking of boiled river or well water were factors possibly associated with low birth weight.