加速正畸牙齿移动的生物学方法

正畸治疗的平均疗程在两年以上，较长的正畸治疗周期可能增加牙周、牙体并发症发生的风险。因此科学有效地加速牙齿移动，缩短正畸周期具有重要的临床意义。目前加速牙齿移动的方法主要有两大类：一类是外科手术法，包括截骨术、皮质切开术、压电皮质切开术、微骨手术等；另一类是非手术理化刺激法，包括低能激光辐照疗法、低强度脉冲超声、共振震动、脉冲电磁场、低频脉冲疗法、化学物质局部注射等。本文对以上方法的研究进展作一综述，以期为临床医生选择加速牙齿移动的方法提供参考。

Biologicalmethods to accelerate orthodontic tooth movement

The average period of orthodontic treatment is more than two years, and a long orthodontic treatment period may increase the risks of periodontal and dental complications. Therefore, scientific and effective clinical methods to accelerate orthodontic tooth movement and to shorten orthodontic period have important clinical significance. At present, there are two main methods to accelerate tooth movement. One is surgical method, including osteotomy, corticotomy, piezocision?, and micro-osteoperforations. The other is non-surgical physical and chemical stimulation, including low level laser therapy, low intensity pulsed ultrasound, resonance vibration, pulsed electromagnetic fields, low frequency impulse electrotherapy and chemical local injections. This article reviews the research progress of the above methods in order to provide references for orthodontists to choose the methods to accelerate tooth movement.