不同种类饮料对青少年牙釉质钙浓度的影响

目的：探讨三种不同的碳酸饮料对我国14岁以下青少年的牙釉质中钙浓度的影响。方法：收集在我院进行减数拔牙的14岁以下青少年的第一前磨牙30颗进行研究。从超市购买同批次的雪碧，百事可乐和冰茶进行试验。首先，使用全自动生化分析仪（Olympus AU5400）对购买的三种饮料进行检测，确定其钙离子的浓度。使用购买的同批次的各种碳酸饮料对标本进行浸泡，浸泡时间为1周，取出，对浸泡后的牙齿使用显微硬度仪进行牙釉质硬度的检测，对浸泡后的溶液，使用全自动生化分析仪进行钙浓度的检测，比较浸泡后的牙釉质和浸泡前牙釉质的硬度变化和饮料中钙离子浓度的变化。结果：购买的饮料中雪碧的钙浓度为0．57mmol／L，百事可乐的钙离子浓度为0．93mmol／L，冰茶的钙离子浓度为0．18mmol／L。三种饮料均能导致牙釉质中钙离子的溶出。不同种类饮料导致牙釉质中钙离子溶出的量不同，差异具有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。显微硬度仪的检测，发现经过三种饮料处理的牙齿硬度均下降，差异具有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论：三种饮料都能导致牙釉质脱矿，其中可乐的脱矿作用最强。

Comparative study of influence of soft drinks to calcium concentration of young permanent teeth enamel

Objective： To compare the effect three kinds of drinks to the enamel calcium concentration. Method： The calcium concentration of three drinks was analyzed by Olympus AU5400, and then the enamel was immersed in drinks for a week. The calcium concentrations in the drinks after immersion of the enamel were analyzed by Olympus AU5400. The hard of enamel was analysis by micro-hardness machine. Result： The level of calcium of Sprite, Pepsi, and Tea was 0.57 mmol / L, 0.93 mmol / L, and 0.18 mmol / L. All the drinks had dematerializing effect on enamel and decreased the surface microhardness of enamel. There were significant differences in different drinks. Conclusion： Three drinks may have erosive effect on enamel and Pepsi is the strongest one in demineralization.