角膜组织工程的研究进展

目的介绍并综合分析角膜组织工程的研究进展.方法通过广泛查阅近期相关文献,重点介绍组织工程角膜种子细胞的来源、选择,以及体外培养中各种生长因子对角膜细胞生长繁殖的影响;支架材料的选择和制备及各自的优缺点.结果组织工程角膜种子细胞的来源为人眼的正常角膜细胞,以胎儿角膜为佳;各种生长因子对角膜细胞的培养、生长繁殖,以及与细胞外和细胞间基质的结合有明显促进作用,其中以成纤维细胞生长因子(basic fibroblast growth factor, bFGF)、角膜细胞生长因子(keratinocyte growth factor, KGF)、转化生长因子(transforming growth factor-β1,TGF-β1)和表皮生长因子(epidermal growth factor,EGF)影响最明显.支架材料可选择动物胶原 壳聚糖、以及黏多糖等,各有其优缺点.结论组织工程角膜可以构建和移植,与受体组织相容性较好,有望成为人体角膜移植的等效物.

RESEARCH ADVANCE OF CORNEAL TISSUE ENGINEERING

OBJECTIVE: To review research progress of corneal tissue engineering. METHODS: The recent articles on corneal tissue engineering focus on source and selection of corneal cells, the effects of growth factors on culture of corneal cells in vitro. The preparation and selection of three-dimensional biomaterial scaffolds and their strong and weak points were discussed. RESULTS: The corneal tissue engineering cells come from normal human corneal cells. The embryo corneal cell was excellent. Several kinds of growth factors play important roles in culture, growth and proliferation of corneal cell, and incorporated into matrix. Growth factors including basic fibroblast growth factor, keratinocyte growth factor, transforming growth factor beta 1 and epidermal growth factor was favor to corneal cell. Collagen, chitosan and glycosaninoglycans were chosen as biomaterial scaffolds. CONCLUSION: Human tissue engineering cornea can be reconstructed and transplanted. It has good tissue compatibility and can be used as human corneal equivalents.