河南省黄河流域稻田型钩端螺旋体病流行特征及流行趋势分析

河南省黄河流域为钩端螺旋体病的低发疫区。１９９２年以来，黄河北岸广大稻田区发生本病流行。其主要表现为：１．流行形式为稻田型；流行期为４～１１月，流行高峰在８月份；临床表现复杂，以流感伤寒型为主，黄疸出血型及肺大出血型比例较高。２．疑似病例及健康人隐性感染的血清群均以黄疸出血群为主，其它有波摩拿群、秋季群等。当地优势鼠种为黑线姬鼠，其带菌率夏季为１６．６７％，秋季为２７．２７％，携带菌群主要为黄疸出血群，与人间主要流行菌群一致。３．原阳县为流行的中心地区，其流行强度明显高于毗邻的其他发病县。４．易感人群普遍接种相应型别钩体疫苗，开展以灭鼠为主的爱国卫生运动，进行疾病防治的宣传等综和防治措施，可有效地预防本病流行，降低发病率，１９９４年以后发病呈下降趋势。

Analysis of Epidemic Feature of Leptespirosis in Northern Bank of Huanghe River in Henan Province

Since 1992, outbreak of leptespirosis continuously occured in northern bank of Huanghe river in Henan province, The main epidemic characteristics were: 1. The major epidemic form was rice fieled type.The cases occured from July to November, and the epidemic peak period was in August. The incidence rate of the adult groups(>15 years) was signicantly higher than that of the young people(<15 years),and 97.5% cases were peasants. 2. 112 sera samples were examined by MA test,and the posi tive rate was 48. 15%. Of these positives, 75. 92% was icterohaemorrhagiae serogroups and 14. 82% was autumnalis serogroups.The possible infectious source of leptespirosis was Apodemus agrarius, and seven leptespira interrogans serovar icterohaemorrhagiae were isolated.3. The vaccine could reduce the morbidity of leptespirosis.