职业暴露情境体验结合以问题为基础的教学法在护理专业实习生中的应用

目的 探讨职业暴露情境体验结合以问题为基础的教学法（problem-based learning,PBL）在护理专业实习生临床教学中的应用效果.方法 将109名护理专业实习生分为试验组和对照组.试验组采用被针刺伤或被患者血液（体液）污染的情境体验结合PBL教学模式进行带教.在实习结束前,比较两组学生职业暴露发生率,并采用学习效果问卷进行评价.结果 试验组学生实习期间职业暴露发生率低于对照组（P＜0.01）,自主学习能力、职业安全防护能力、沟通与语言表达能力、团结协作能力得分高于对照组（P＜0.01）.结论 职业暴露情境体验结合PBL教学可提高护理专业实习生职业暴露防范能力,提高临床教学效果.

Application of simulated occupational exposure experience combined with problem-based learning among nursing students in clinical practice

Objective To explore the methods and effects of simulated occupational exposure experience combined with problem-based learning（PBL） in clinical teaching for nursing students in clinical practice. Methods Totally 109 nursing students were divided into two groups. Simulated exposure by patients＇ blood or body fluid and needle-stick injuries combined with PBL teaching mode was applied in the experimental group. The incidence of occupational exposure and the teaching outcomes were measured at the end of clinical practice. Results Compared with the control group,the incidence of occupational exposure during clinical practice in the experimental group was significantly lower（P〈0.01）; the scores of self-directed learning,professional protection ,communication skills and team spirit were significantly higher（P〈0.01 ）. Conclusion Simulated occupational exposure experience combined with PBL teaching mode can effectively enhance the students＇ occupational protection ability and improve the teaching outcomes.