166例儿童输血不良反应分析

目的分析儿童受血者发生输血不良反应的原因,探讨降低儿童输血不良反应的措施。方法收集昆明医科大学附属儿童医院2009-2014年30 518例儿童受血者输血病历资料进行分析。结果 30 518例儿童受血者中,发生输血不良反应166例,输血反应率0.54%;输血不良反应中过敏占89.16%(148/166)、非溶血性发热占10.24%(17/166)、血红蛋白尿占0.60%(1/166);各种血液成分引起的输血反应率:单采血小板1.92%(72/3 743)、血浆0.43%(56/13 132)、红细胞悬液0.28%(38/13 480);儿童受血者输血不良反应的症状和体征:局部或全身皮疹74.10%(123/166)、非溶血性发热10.24%(17/166)、皮疹伴发热5.42%(9/166)、眼睑或口唇水肿9.04%(15/166)、支气管痉挛(轻度)0.60%(1/166)、单纯血红蛋白尿0.60%(1/166)。结论儿童输血不良反应以过敏为主,主要表现为局部或全身皮疹;单采血小板是最常引起儿童输血不良反应的血液成分。

Analysis of 166 cases of adverse transfusion reactions in children

Objective To analyze the causes of blood transfusion adverse reactions in children,and to explore the measures to reduce the adverse reactions of blood transfusion in children.Methods Collect 30 518 cases of transfusion reaction data which is during 2009 to 2014 in Kunming Children's hospital for analyzing.Results 166 cases of transfusion reaction occurred and the occurrence rate is 0.54％ in 30 518 cases,allergic transfusion reaction accounted for 89.16％ (148/166),non-hemolytic febrile reaction 10.24 ％ (17/166),hemoglobinuria accounted for 0.60 ％ (1/166);In children the transfusion reaction rate of hemapheresis platelet is 1.92％(72/3 743),plasma is 0.43％(56/13 132),suspension red blood cells is 0.28％(38/13 480);the signs and symptoms of children's blood transfusion reaction:simplex urticaria and rash 74.10％(123/166),simplex fever 10.24％ (17/166),rash associated with fever 5.42％ (9/166),eyelid or oral edema (mild angioneurotic oedema) 9.04％ (15/166),,Bronchospasm (mild) 0.60％ (1/166),simple hemoglobinuria 0.60％ (1/166).Conclusion Children with blood transfusion adverse reactions to allergies,mainly for local or systemic rash;Platelet is the most-common blood component that causes transfusion reaction with children.