影像学及实验室检查在结核性脑膜炎早期诊断中的应用研究

目的探讨结核性脑膜炎(TBM)的影像学特征及实验室检查特点,以达到早诊断、早治疗的目的。方法选取2013年1月至2015年12月西安交通大学第一附属医院收治的74例TBM患者作为试验组,80例非TBM患者作为对照组,均行脑脊液腺苷脱氨酶(ADA)、结核杆菌DNA(TB-DNA)、抗酸染色,同时联合结核感染T细胞斑点试验(T-SPOT.TB),并与影像学检查进行对比分析,比较各种检查方法的应用价值。结果 74例TBM患者中,ADA、TB-DNA、抗酸染色、T-SPOT.TB和影像学检查的灵敏度分别为64.86%(48/74),33.78%(25/74),75.68%(56/74),10.81%(8/74),54.05%(40/74),特异度分别为75.00%(60/80),100.00%(80/80),58.75%(47/80),100.00%(80/80),91.25%(73/80)。结论影像学和实验室检测指标上的差异,对于TBM的临床诊断具有一定的指导意义,临床上除常规检查外,应尽可能完善其他检查,进行综合分析以提高诊断准确性。

Study on application of imaging and laboratory detection in early diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis

Objective To investigate the imaging features and laboratory detection characteristics of tuberculous meningitis (TBM ) for achieving the purpose of early diagnosis and treatment.Methods Seventy-four patients with TBM in First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University from January 2013 to December 2015 were selected as the experimental group and 80 patients of non-TBM as the control group.All cases were performed ADA ,TB-DNA and acid-fast bacilli smear detection in cerebrospinal fluid ,and at the same time ,which was combined with tuberculous infection T-SPOT.TB test and compared with the results of ima-ging examination.Then the application values of various examinations were compared.Results The sensitivity of ADA ,TB-DNA , acid-fast bacilli smear ,T-SPOT.TB and the imaging examination for 74 patients with TBM were respectively 64.86% (48/74) , 33.78% (25/74) ,75.68% (56/74) ,10.81% (8/74) and 54.05% (40/74).The specificity were respectively 75.00% (60/80) , 100.00% (80/80) ,58.75% (47/80) ,100.00% (80/80) and 91.25% (73/80).Conclusion The difference in imaging and laboratory test indicators has a certain guiding significance for TBM clinical diagnosis.Except for clinical routine detection ,other detections should be perfected as far as possible ,conducting the comprehensive analysis can improve the accuracy of diagnosis.