巨噬细胞在心肌梗死治疗中的研究现状

巨噬细胞在心肌梗死损伤中发挥了“双刃”作用。近年来研究表明，心肌细胞浸润的巨噬细胞在不同因子刺激下极化成功能不同的亚群，即M1和M2。M1型巨噬细胞主要发挥促炎作用，加重心肌损伤，而M2型巨噬细胞则主要抑制受损组织炎症发生，同时能促进新生血管的生成。因此M2型巨噬细胞在心肌损伤中发挥的正面作用越来越受到关注。本文对近年来国内外关于M2型巨噬细胞在心肌组织中发挥的作用，及其重要调控机制等进行了综述，并对M2型极化在促心肌微血管治疗中的研究现状及其物质基础进行了概述。

Current Study of Macrophages in the Healing Process of Myocrdial Infarction

Macrophages play a double role in the healing process of myocardial injury. Recent studies show that myocardium-infiltrating macrophages undergo M1 or M2 activation, which represent 2 extremes under the effect of different stimulating factors. M1-like macrophages play a pro-inflammatory role and aggravate tissue damage, whereas M2-like macrophages suppress inflammation and promote angiogenesis at the injury site. Due to their positive role in the healing process of cardiac damage, M2-like macrophages are attracting more attention in recent years. In this review, we summarized the current progress in the study of macrophages in cardiac injury, including their cardio-protective function the regulatory mechanism for phenotype shifting, and the effect on micro-angiogenesis induction.